Genetics of fertility restoration of the A5 cytoplasm in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

THRIBHUVAN R; S P SINGH; MUKESH SANKAR S; M MALLIK; TRIPTI SINGHAL; PRACHI YADAV; NIRUPMA SINGH; C TARA SATYAVATHI

doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i11.108571

Authors

THRIBHUVAN R Ph D Scholar, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
S P SINGH Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
MUKESH SANKAR S Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
M MALLIK Ph D Scholar, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
TRIPTI SINGHAL Ph D Scholar, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
PRACHI YADAV Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
NIRUPMA SINGH Scientist, Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
C TARA SATYAVATHI Project Coordinator, AICRP on Pearl Millet, Jodhpur 342304

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i11.108571

Keywords:

A5 cytoplasm, Fertility restoration, Inheritance, Male sterility, Pennisetum glaucum

Abstract

For the efficient hybrid seed production, several cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS) systems were identified in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum ( L) R. Br). However, most of the hybrids developed in pearl millet are based on A₁ cytoplasm due to availability of high frequency of restorers in the natural population. This dependence on a single cytoplasm makes any hybrid seed industry vulnerable to disease and insect pest epidemics. A₅ can be a good alternative to A1 since it is the most stable cytoplasm available. But due to very low frequency (~2%) of restorers available in germplasm, utilization of A₅ cytoplasm in hybrid development had been almost negligible. Restorer breeding efficiency of this CMS system can be significantly increased by understanding the inheritance of fertility restoration by Rf-gene for A₅ cytoplasm, which is poorly studied so far and only one publication is available. Present investigation aims to understand the genetics associated with fertility restoration of the A₅ system of CMS in pearl millet using pollen fertility and seed set percent as a criterion in determining the fertile and sterile plants. Three diverse cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterile A-lines belonging to the A5 cytoplasm (ICMA₅02555, ICMA₅07999 and ICMA₅12222) were crossed with two restorer lines (A₅RT-17/8 and A₅ RT-17/26) to produce 6 F₁s and their respective F₂s and backcrosses. These were evaluated for male sterility (S) and fertility (F) at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during kharif 2019 and segregation ratio was established in all the generations using χ² test. The segregation pattern of malesterile (S) and male fertile (F) plants observed in F₂ and BC₁ indicated dominant single-gene control of male fertility restoration with ICMA₅02555 and ICMA₅07999. However, segregation pattern with male-sterile line ICMA₅12222 had a good fit to 15F:1S ratio indicating two gene control with duplicate interaction. The deviations from the expected ratio with ICMA₅12222 cross may be due to influence of modifiers. Association between pollen fertility and seed set percent was significant and positive.

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