Effect of spacing and micronutrients on yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) grown under protected structures

ABHAY VIKRAM SINGH; AWANI KUMAR SINGH; GOGRAJ SINGH JAT; TUSAR KANTI BEHERA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v92i2.122211

Authors

ABHAY VIKRAM SINGH ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
AWANI KUMAR SINGH ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
GOGRAJ SINGH JAT ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
TUSAR KANTI BEHERA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v92i2.122211

Keywords:

Bitter gourd, Micronutrients, Protected structures, Spacing, Yield

Abstract

Proper plant spacing and foliar application of micronutrients is necessary for higher yield and quality. The
experiment was conducted to determine the effect of spacing and micronutrients on fruit yield of bitter gourd
grown under protected structures (nethouse and polyhouse). The variety Pusa Rasdar (27.06 days) showed superior
performance over Selection 32 (30.03 days) for opening of first female flower under net house. The wider spacing
(30 cm Ã— 50 cm) enhanced early female flower (28.29 days) compared to closer spacing (under nethouse). The Pusa
Rasdar was superior for node number of first female flower (11.25 nodes) followed by Selection 32 (13.28 nodes)
(under nethouse). The wider spacing (30 cm Ã— 50 cm) had a significant effect on first node of female flower appearance
(12.37 and 11.87 nodes) under polyhouse and net house. The maximum fruit weight was in Pusa Rasdar (206.89
g) (under nethouse). The application of boron @0.2% and calcium @0.6% enhanced the number of fruits per plant
(11.00 and 10.80) (under net house). The wider spacing (30 cm Ã— 50 cm) also produced the highest number of fruits
per plant (11.37) in Pusa Rasdar (under net house) condition. The maximum fruit yield per plant was recorded in Pusa
Rasdar (2122.70 g) compared to Selection 32 (1646.61 g) (under net house). The wider spacing (30 cm Ã— 50 cm) also
produced maximum fruit yield (2137.25 g) in Pusa Rasdar (under net house). Therefore, higher yield of bitter gourd
could be obtained under net house with broader spacing (30 cm Ã— 50 cm) along with proper doses of micronutrients
(0.2% boron and 0.6% calcium).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abubaker S, Zubi Y A and Aburayan A. 2010. The influence of plant spacing on yield and fruit nitrate concentration of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Jordan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 6(4): 527–32.

Jat G S. 2011. ‘Studies on hybrid seed production in bitter gourd under insect-proof net house and open-field conditions’, MSc Thesis, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi.

Jat G S, Singh B, Tomar B S, Muthukumar P and Kumar M. 2017. Hybrid Seed Production of bitter gourd is a remunerative venture. Indian Horticulture. March-April 34–37.

Jat G S, Singh B, Tomar B S and Ram H. 2015. Comparative performance of growth, flowering behaviour and fruit development traits in parental lines of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cv. Pusa Hybrid-1. Seed Research 42(2): 139–45.

Jat G S, Singh B, Tomar B S, Singh J, Ram H and Kumar M. 2016. Seed yield and quality as influenced by growing conditions in hybrid seed production of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cv. Pusa Hybrid-1. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8(4): 2111–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1099

Mamnoie E, Dolatkhahi A and Esfandiyari B. 2014. Effects of different levels of density on yield and quantitative characteristics of two greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus) cultivars. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture 5: 18–20.

Maragal S Y, Singh A K, Behera T K, Munshi A D, Dash S and Pachauri N. 2018. Effect of planting time and fertilizer dose on growth, yield and quality of bitter gourd grown under polyhouse and net house conditions. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science 75(3): 463–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2018.00078.6

Mia Baset M A, Islam M S and Shamsuddin Z H. 2014. Altered sex expression by plant growth regulators: An overview in medicinal vegetable bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). Journal of Medicinal Plant Research 8(8): 361–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR10.032

Oga I O and Umekwe P N. 2015. Effects of pruning and plant spacing on the growth and yield of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) in Unwana-Afikpo. International Jouranal of Science and Research 5(4): 110–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21275/v5i4.NOV161890

Premalatha M G S, Wahundeniya K B, Weerakkody W A P and Wicramathunga C K. 2006. Plant training and spatial arrangement for yield improvements in greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) varieties. Tropical Agricultural Research 18: 346–57.

Singh A K, Sabir N, Jat G S, Singh J, Singh V, Singh A, Kumar A and Kumar J. 2021. Effect of spacing and pruning on growth, yield and economics of long melon (Cucumis melo var. utilissimus) under naturally ventilated polyhouse. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 91(6): 885–9.

Singh B and Sirohi N P S 2006. Protected cultivation of vegetables in India: problems and future prospects. Acta Horticulturae 710: 339–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.710.38

Singh, N P, Singh D K, Singh Y K and Kumar V. 2006. Vegetables seed production Technology, 1st edn, pp. 143–45.

International Book Distributing Co., Lucknow.

Vala J D and Savaliya A B 2014. Effect of zinc, iron and boron on yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) cv. Pusa Vishesh. International Journal of Agricultural Science 10(2): 751–54