Assessment of critical period for weeding and yield loss in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa)
![](/public/icon/gor.png)
![](/public/icon/pdf.png)
Keywords:
Direct seeded rice, Shallow lowlands, Sprouted seeds, Weed density, Yield lossAbstract
A field experiment was conducted at research farm of Regional Rainfed Lowland Rice Research Station, ICARNational Rice Research Institute, Gerua, Assam during two consecutive boro seasons of 2014–15 and 2015–16 to assess yield losses in direct seeded rice (DSR) under weeding times. There were two DSR establishment techniques (dry and sprouted seeding) in main plots and four weeding times (15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS) in sub plots. It was found that Scirpus juncoides, Echinochloa colona, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus iria, Monochoria vaginalis and Ludwigia octovalvis were the dominant weed species in shallow lowlands. DSR establishment techniques had non-significant effect on weed characteristics as well as growth, yield attributes and productivity of rice. Weed density of individual weed group and dry matter were significantly influenced by weeding times. Weeding at 15 DAS resulted in significantly low weed density and biomass as compared to weeding at 45 and 60 DAS. Growth and yield attributes, viz. plant height, panicles/m2, filled grains/panicle and fertility percentage were significantly higher and subsequently resulted in higher grain and straw yield under early weeding at 15 DAS. The highest grain yield losses due to weeds were calculated with weeding at 60 DAS (20.4%) followed by 45 DAS (15.8%) in DSR. Thus, early weeding in DSR plays an important role to obtain higher productivity of rice and minimise yield loss due to weeds.Downloads
References
Alam M A, Tipu M M H, Chowdhury M M I, Rubel M H and Razzak M A. 2015. Effect of weeding regime and row direction on growth and yield of rice in Bangladesh. Research & Reviews: Journal of Crop Science and Technology 4(1): 1–11.
Bhullar M S, Singh S, Kumar S and Gill G. 2018. Agronomic and economic impacts of direct seeded rice in Punjab. Agricultural Research Journal 55: 236–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2395-146X.2018.00038.8
Chauhan B S. 2012. Weed Management in Direct Seeded Rice Systems. 20p. Los Baños International Rice Research Institute, Philippines.
Galon L and Agostinetto D. 2009. Comparison of empirical models for predicting yield loss of irrigated rice (Oryza sativa) mixed with Echinochloa spp. Crop Protection 28: 825–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.06.005
Gharde Y, Singh P K, Dubey R P and Gupta P K. 2018. Assessment of yield and economic losses in agriculture due to weeds in India. Crop Protection 107: 12–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2018.01.007
Iftekharuddaula K M, Akter K, Hassan M S, Fatema K and Badshah A. 2002. Genetic divergence, characters association and selection criteria in irrigated rice. Journal of Biological Sciences 2(4): 243–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2002.243.246
Jabran K, Farooq M and Hussain M. 2012. Efficient weeds control with penoxsulam application ensures higher productivity and economic return of direct seeded rice. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 14: 901–07.
Misra B, Subba Rao L V and Subbaiah S V. 2005. Rice varieties for direct-seeding. Direct-Seeding of Rice and Weed Management in the Irrigated Rice-Wheat Cropping System of the Indo Gangetic Plains, 10p.
Y Singh, G Singh, VP Singh, P Singh, B Hardy, DE Johnson and M Mortimer (Eds). Directorate of Experiment Station, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India.
Mola T and Belachew K. 2015. Effect of weeding time on rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and yield components at Kaffa, Southwest Ethiopia. Journal of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare 5(1): 162–67.
Mondal D, Ghosh A, Roy D, Kumar A, Shamurailatpam D, Bera S, Ghosh R, Bandopadhyay P and Majumder A. 2017. Yield loss assessment of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) due to different biotic stresses under system of rice intensification (SRI). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5(4): 1974–80.
Rao A N, Johnson D E, Sivaprasad B, Ladha J K and Mortimer AM. 2007. Weed management in direct-seeded rice. Advances in Agronomy 93: 153–255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(06)93004-1
Singh G, Singh Y, Singh VP, Johnson D E and Mortimer M. 2005. System-level effects in weed management in rice-wheat cropping in India. (In) Proceedings of BCPC Crop Science and Technology Congress, 2005, Vol. 1, pp. 545–550.
Singh T, Satapathy B S, Gautam P, Lal B, Kumar U, Saikia K and Pun K B. 2017. Comparative efficacy of herbicides in weed control and enhancement of productivity and profitability of rice. Experimental Agriculture.1–19. DOI:10.1017/ S0014479717000047.
Soltani N, Dille J A, Burke I C, Everman W J, VanGessel M J, Davis V M and Sikkema P H. 2016. Potential corn yield losses from weeds in North America. Weed Technology 30: 979–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-D-16-00046.1
Zimdahl R L. 2013. Fundamentals of Weed Science, 4th edn. Academic Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.