Ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal to protect tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings from Fusarium oxysporum

BOUZIANE ZEHAIRA; DEHIMAT LAID

doi:10.56093/ijas.v93i9.122591

Authors

BOUZIANE ZEHAIRA Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia University of Jijel, Jijel 180 00, Algeria
DEHIMAT LAID Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia University of Jijel, Jijel 180 00, Algeria

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i9.122591

Keywords:

Biological control, Fusarium disease, Growth, Incidence, Wilting

Abstract

Present experiments were conducted in the microbiology laboratory, Department of Environmental and Agronomic Sciences and in a private nursery in the Tassoust region of Jijel during 2021 and 2022. This study was carried out on the use of strains of arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp.) as a means to control F. oxysporum effect. After 15 days of inoculation, several measurements of the lengths roots, stem and leaves were noted and symptoms of Fusarium disease were also recorded. The results revealed that F. oxysporum is a pathogen for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants (super strain) variety, causing Fusarium disease of this host, which manifests by yellowing, wilting and necrosis of aerial parts, and reduced growth parameters in plants. Therefore, the disease incidence after 15 days of inoculation is estimated at 75 and 50% for (T₁ and T₃) respectively. In addition, our results revealed that the percentage of incidence was 100 and 25% respectively for T₁ and T₃ after 22 days. Whereas, the results showed that mycorhizal fungi are associated with the roots of tomato plants. They reduced the incidence rate of Fusarium disease by 50% (T₃) and improved the growth of tomato seedlings (Super strain) which manifests itself by a vigorous root system and a very important development of the aerial parts. These results indicate that arbuscular mycorhizal fungi can effectively contribute to the ecological management of soil-borne fungal disease.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aydi-Ben-Abdallah R, Jabnoun-Khiareddine H and Daami- Remadi M. 2020. Fusarium wilt biocontrol and tomato growth stimulation, using endophytic bacteria naturally associated with Solanum sodomaeum and S. bonariense plant. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 30(113): 2–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00313-1

Agrios G N. 2005. Plant Pathology, Ke-5 edn. Academic Press, New York, US.

Azcon-Aguilar C and Barea J M. 1996. Arbuscular mycorrhizas and biological control of soil borne plant pathogens: An overview of the mechanisms involved. Mycorrhiza 6(3): 457–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s005720050147

Benhamou N, Rey P, Cherif M, Hockenhul J and Tirilly Y. 1997. Treatment with the mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum triggers induction of defence-related reactions in tomato roots when challenged with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. Phytopathology 87(1): 108–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.1.108

Braz J, Margaret W, Mwangi L, Ethel O, Monda L, Sheila A, Okoth E, Joyce M and Jefwa U. 2011. Inoculation of tomato seedlings with Trichoderma harzianum and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their effect on growth and control of wilt in tomato seedlings. Journal of Microbiology 42(2): 508–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822011000200015

Caron J, Laverdière L, Thibodeau P and Belanger R. 2002. Use of a native strain of Trichoderma harzianum against five pathogens in greenhouse cucumber and tomato. Phytoprotection 83(2): 73–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/706230ar

Giovannetti M and Gianinazzi-Pearson V. 1994. Biodiversity in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycological Research 98(7): 705–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81041-1

Hashem A, Adnan Akhter B, Abdulaziz A, Alqarawi C, Garima Singh D, Khalid F, Almutairi C and Elsayed Fathi Abd-Allah C. 2021. Mycorrhizal fungi induced activation of tomato defense system mitigates Fusarium wilt stress. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28(10): 5442–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.025

Hadou H, Kadidia S, Kadidiata B, Kadidia B and Sanon L. 2020. Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation with strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth of Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC under controlled conditions. The International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4(3): 1065–73.

Haro H. 2011. ‘Effect of inoculum of shrub mycorrhizal fungi on cowpea productivity Vignaun guiculata (L.) (Walp)’. DEA Thesis, Microbial and Cellular Biotechnology Option. University of Ouagadougou Burkina, Faso.

Jain P and Pundir R K. 2019. Biocontrol of soil phytopathogens by arbuscular mycorrhiza. A review. Mycorrhizosphere and Pedogenesis, pp. 221–37. Varma A and Choudhary D (Eds). Springer, Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6480-8_14

Kabdwal B C, Sharma R, Tewari R and Tewari A K. 2019. Field efficacy of different combinations of Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus against the major diseases of tomato in Uttarakhand (India). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control 29(1): 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-018-0103-7

Mishra S, Singh A, Keswani C, Saxena A, Sarma B K and Singh H B. 2015. Harnessing plant-microbe interactions for enhanced protection against phytopathogens. Plant Microbes Symbiosis: Applied Facets, pp. 111–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2068-8_5

N K Arora (Ed). Springer, India. Nelson P E, Toussoun T A and Marasas W F O. 1983. Fusarium species. An Illustrated Manual for Identification, p. 135. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, London.

Nicholas Le, Kinkela L and Corby Kistler H. 2017. Phylogeny, plant species, and plant diversity influence carbon use phenotypes among Fusarium populations in the rhizosphere microbiome. Phytobiomes 1(3): 150–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-06-17-0028-R

Shukla A, Dehariya K, Vyas D and Jha A. 2015. Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizae and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris: Effects on fungal development, seedling growth and wilt disease suppression in Cicer arietinum L. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 48(3): 240–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2014.884831

Singh M, Mishra M, Srivastava D and Singh P K. 2020. Biological control of Fusarium wilt of tomato by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with intercropping. Plant Pathology and Quarantine 10(1): 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5943/ppq/10/1/1

Song W, Zhou L, Yang C, Cao X, Zhang L and Liu X. 2004. Tomato Fusarium wilt and its chemical control strategies in a hydroponic system. Crop Protection 23(3): 243–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2003.08.007

Xiong W and Zhan A. 2018. Testing clustering strategies for metabarcoding-based investigation of community-environment interactions. Molecular Ecology Resources 18(2) 1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12922