Assessing effectiveness of drought tolerance indices in selecting grape (Vitis vinifera) under induced drought stress conditions

JAI  PRAKASH; AMULYA  S; M K  VERMA; SANJAY K  SINGH; C  BHARADWAJ; MADHUBALA  THAKRE; CHAVLESH  KUMAR; YOGESH BABU  C J

doi:10.56093/ijas.v95i4.146046

Authors

JAI PRAKASH ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
AMULYA S ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
M K VERMA ICAR-Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir
SANJAY K SINGH ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka
C BHARADWAJ ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
MADHUBALA THAKRE ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
CHAVLESH KUMAR ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
YOGESH BABU C J College of Horticulture, Bengaluru, Karnataka

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v95i4.146046

Keywords:

Drought stress, Drought tolerance indices, MGIDI, Plant height, Root: shoot ratio

Abstract

The present study was carried out during 2021–23 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, focusing on 10 diverse grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes [Pusa Navrang (PN), Pusa Aditi (PA), Pusa Trisha (PT), Pusa Swarnika (PS), Pusa Purple Seedless (PPS), Flame Seedless (FS), St. George (SG), Dog Ridge (DR), V. parviflora (VP), and Male Hybrid (MH)] for their response to controlled moisture stress (21 days) and well-watered conditions in plastic pots (14) maintained under polyhouse conditions. Drought decreased plant height differently among genotypes (9.71–41.68%). Dogridge had the highest root: shoot ratio (0.79), St. George showed lower (0.44) in response to drought. Drought tolerance indices identified genotypes Vitis parviflora (VP), Pusa Navrang (PN), Male Hybrid (MH) and Dogridge (Vitis × champini) (DR) as more drought-tolerant, while Pusa Trishar (PT) and Flame Seedless (FS) were susceptible. Cluster analysis showcased distinct differences among genotypes, while principal component analysis (PCA) emphasized key indices predicting performance in varying conditions with 98.91% variance for plant height and 99.10% variance for index root: shoot ratio contributed from two primary principal components (PC1 and PC2). Correlations (P<0.001) highlighted the predictive value of specific indices, like the drought resistance index (DI), mean relative performance (MRP), stress tolerance index (STI) and relative efficiency index (REI) for drought tolerance. The above-identified genotypes were validated through multivariate stability trait index analysis outlining their utility as donor parents/rootstocks. In conclusion, the study underscores genetic diversities as pivotal in determining drought tolerance in grape genotypes. It has generated valuable insights for selecting drought-resistant genotypes which could contribute to sustainable viticulture under the changing climate situations.

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