Inheritance studies for stripe rust and identification of multiple rust resistantgenotypes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v95i4.154766Keywords:
Multiple rust resistance, Stripe rust, WheatAbstract
The present study was carried out during winter (rabi) season 2021–22 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana to ascertain genetic basis of stripe rust (YR) resistance with bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resistant stock, IC0640204 and considering seven susceptible genotypes, namely IC261932, IC532880, IC536321, EC609338, Restorer5, Restorer37 and Restorer38 for YR, summer nursery 2022 and 2022–23. IC0640204 conferred YR resistance against 10 pathotypes at the seedling stage, including the prevalent YR races, 110S119 and 238S119. Seven highly susceptible bread wheat genotypes were crossed with IC0640204 during winter (rabi), 2021–22 at Karnal and the developed materials were advanced at Dalang Maidan, Himachal Pradesh. During rabi 2022–23, the monogenic dominant inheritance (3R:1S) was observed in the F2 generation at both Karnal and Durgapura locations, indicating presence of a major gene in the genotype IC0640204. Furthermore, agronomically promising genotypes were screened at eight locations each against stripe, leaf and stem rusts under artificial epiphytotic conditions to identify multiple rust resistant genotypes. The genotypes WAP2206, WAP2207 and WAP2208 conferred seedling resistance (0) against the most virulent YR pathotypes, 110S119 and 238S119. The genotype WAP2206 showed resistance against stem (ACI:0.7) and brown rusts (ACI:0.3), while WAP2207 conferred resistance against stripe (ACI:0.6) and leaf rusts (ACI:0.3). The widely grown wheat cultivars such as HD2967, HD3086 and DBW187 have been compromised against these newly evolved YR races. Therefore, IC0640204 has great significance for delivering resistance into the breeding programs. Several deployed genes for leaf and stem rust namely, Lr9, Lr19, Lr26, Lr28 and Sr24 and Sr25 have been overcome by the virulent pathotypes. The genotypes, WAP2206, WAP2207, WAP2211 and WAP2212 can be deployed for pre-emptive breeding and enriching allelic diversity.
Downloads
References
Bhardwaj S C, Gangwar O P, Prasad P, Kumar S, Khan H and Gupta N. 2019b. Physiologic specialization and shift in Puccinia triticina pathotypes on wheat in Indian subcontinent during 2013–2016. Indian Phytopathology 72: 23–34.
Bhardwaj S C, Singh G P, Gangwar O P, Prasad P and Kumar
S. 2019a. Status of wheat rust research and progress in rust management-Indian context. Agronomy 9(12): 892.
Bouvet L, Holdgate S, James L, Thomas J, Mackay I J and Cockram J. 2022. The evolving battle between yellow rust and wheat: Implications for global food security. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 135: 741–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00122-021-03983-z
Chen X M, Wang M N, Wan A M, Bai Q, Li M J, Lopez P F, Maccaferri M, Mastrangelo A M, Barnes C W, Cruz D F C, Tenuta A U, Esmail S M and Abdelrhim A S. 2021. Virulence characterization of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici collections from six countries in 2013 to 2020. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 43(Supplementary2): S308–22. Doi. 10.1080/07060661.2021.1958259
FAOSTAT. 2025. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL Gangwar O P, Kumar S, Bhardwaj S C, Kashyap P L, Prasad P and
Khan H. 2019. Characterization of three new Yr9-virulences and identification of sources of resistance among recently developed Indian bread wheat germplasm. Journal of Plant Pathology 101: 955–63.
Gangwar O P, Kumar S, Prasad P, Bhardwaj S C, Khan H and Verma H. 2016. Virulence pattern and emergence of new pathotypes in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici during 2011–15 in India. Indian Phytopathology 69(4s): 178–85.
Gimenez K, Blanc P, Argillier O, Pierre J B, Le Gouis J and Paux E. 2021. Dissecting bread wheat heterosis through the integration of agronomic and physiological traits. Biology 10(9): 907.
Haider M W, Kaur J, Bala R, Singh S, Srivastava P, Sharma A, Singh R and Kumari J. 2023. Stripe rust resistance gene(s) postulation in wheat germplasm with the help of differentials and tagged molecular markers. Scientific Reports 13(1): 9007. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36197-y
Hnizil O, Baidani A, Khlila I, Taghouti M, Nsarellah N and Amamou
A. 2024. Dissecting genotype by environment interactions in Moroccan wheat: An advanced biplot and heatmap analysis unveiling agronomic, quality traits, and genotypic stability for tailored breeding strategies. Plants 13(8): 1068.
Hu Y, Zhang Y, Lu K, Li Y, Yan B, Chen X, Shang H and Hu X. 2023. Identification of high-temperature resistance to stripe rust and molecular detection of Yr genes in Chinese core collections of common wheat. Crop Protection 164: 106136.
Huang M, Yang X, Feng X, Luo X, Chen Q, Yu B, Chen C, Huang K and Yang S. 2024. Transfer of the all-stage resistance stripe rust (Puccinia striifonnis f. sp. tritici) resistance gene YrZH84 in two South-western Chinese wheat cultivars. Agronomy 14(11): 2672. Jain S K, Bhardwaj S C, Prashar M and Singh S B. 2013. Physiologic specialization and new virulences of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici causing black rust of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in India during 2005–2009. The Indian Journal of
Agricultural Sciences 83(10): 1058–63.
Khan H, Krishnappa G, Kumar S, Devate N B, Rathan N D, Kumar S, Mishra C N, Ram S, Tiwari R, Parkash O, Ahlawat O P, Marutha H M, Singh G P and Singh G. 2024. Genome-wide association study identifies novel loci and candidate genes for rust resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Plant Biology 24: 411. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-024-05124-2 Khan M A, Mehmood H, Razzaq F, Ali B, Aljowaie R M, Elshikh M S and Iqbal R. 2025a. Evaluating genetic variability for yellow rust resistance in wheat using morphological traits.
Journal of Crop Health 77(1): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10343-024-01085-6
Khan S, Ali N, Khan F U, Din I U, Amjad M and Ahmad I. 2025b. Genetic diversity in wheat landraces for agronomic traits and yellow rust resistance. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-024-02308-5
McIntosh R A, Wellings C R and Park R F. 1995. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes, pp. 213. CSIRO Publication, Australia.
McIntosh R, Mu J Han D and Kang Z. 2018. Wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr24/Yr26: A retrospective review. The Crop Journal 6(4): 321–29.
Mottaleb K A, Kruseman G, Frija A, Sonder K and Lopez-Ridaura
S. 2023. Projecting wheat demand in China and India for 2030 and 2050: Implications for food security. Frontiers in Nutrition 9: 1077443.
Pakeerathan K, Bariana H, Qureshi N, Wong D, Hayden M and Bansal U. 2019. Identification of a new source of stripe rust resistance Yr82 in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 132: 3169–76.
Peterson R F, Campbell A B and Hannah A E. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity on leaves and stems of cereals. Canadian Journal of Research 26: 496–500. https:// doi.org/10.1139/cjr48c-033
Pradhan A K, Kumar S, Singh A K, Budhlakoti N, Mishra DC, Chauhan D, Mittal S, Grover M, Kumar S, Gangwar O P, Kumar S, Gupta A, Bhardwaj S C, Rai A and Singh K. 2020. Identification of QTLs/defense genes effective at seedling stage against prevailing races of wheat stripe rust in India. Frontiers in Genetics 11: 572975.
Prasad P, Bhardwaj S C, Savadi S, Kashyap P L, Gangwar O P, Khan H, Singh R, Singh SB and Kumar S. 2018. Population distribution and differentiation of Puccinia graminis tritici detected in the Indian subcontinent during 2009–2015. Crop Protection 108: 128–36.
Prasad P, Thakur R K, Savadi S, Bhardwaj S C, Gangwar O P, Lata C, Adhikari S and Kumar S. 2022. Genetic diversity and population structure reveal cryptic genetic variation and long-distance migration of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in the Indian subcontinent. Frontiers in Microbiology 13: 842106. Rehman S U, Qiao L, Shen T, Hua L, Li H, Ahmad Z and Chen
S. 2024. Exploring the frontier of wheat rust resistance: Latest approaches, mechanisms, and novel insights. Plants 13(17): 2502. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13172502
Roelfs A P, Singh R P and Saari E E. 1992. Rust diseases of wheat: Concepts and methods of disease management. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico.
Stakman E C, Stewart D M and Loegering W Q. 1962. Identification
of Physiological Races of Puccinia graminis var. tritici,
pp. 51. USDA ARS, USA.
Wang M N, Wan A M and Chen X M. 2022. Race characterization of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the United States from 2013 to 2017. Plant Disease 106: 1462–73. doi: 10.1094/ PDIS-11-21-2499-RE
Yao F, Wang M, See D R, Yang E, Chen G and Chen X. 2025. Identification of 39 stripe rust resistance loci in a panel of 465 winter wheat entries presumed to have high-temperature adult- plant resistance through genome-wide association mapping and marker-assisted detection. Frontiers in Plant Science 15: 1514926.
Zhang M, Liu X, WU L, Zhou K, Yang J, Miao Y, Hao M, Ning S, Yuan Z, Jiang B, Chen X, Chen X, Zhang L, Huang L and Liu
D. 2024. Mapping of a recessive gene for all-stage resistance to stripe rust in a wheat line derived from cultivated Einkorn (Triticum monococcum). Plant Disease 108(6): 1682–87. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-11-23-2363-RE
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.
How to Cite
