Wheat (Triticum aestivum) response under soil moisture and crop water stress based irrigation scheduling at variable nitrogen regimes

ANKIT; MANOJ  KHANNA; ANCHAL  DASS; SUSAMA  SUDHISHRI; SUBHASH  BABU; RAMANJIT  KAUR; KAPILA  SHEKHAWAT; VIJAY KUMAR  PRAJAPATI; RABI NARAYAN  SAHOO; TEEKAM  SINGH; MAHESH CHAND  MEENA; PRAVIN KUMAR  UPADHYAY; NIVETA  JAIN

doi:10.56093/ijas.v94i11.152091

Authors

ANKIT ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
MANOJ KHANNA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
ANCHAL DASS ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
SUSAMA SUDHISHRI ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
SUBHASH BABU ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
RAMANJIT KAUR ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
KAPILA SHEKHAWAT ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
VIJAY KUMAR PRAJAPATI ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
RABI NARAYAN SAHOO ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
TEEKAM SINGH ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
MAHESH CHAND MEENA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
PRAVIN KUMAR UPADHYAY ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
NIVETA JAIN ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i11.152091

Keywords:

CWSI, Graded N, Soil moisture based irrigation, Water productivity, Wheat, Yield

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at research farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to examine the water productivity and crop response under soil moisture and crop water stress based irrigation scheduling at variable nitrogen regimes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Experiment was conducted in a split-plot design (SPD) design comprised of 3 irrigation regimes in main plots and 5 graded nitrogen (N) levels in sub-plots, replicated thrice. Irrigation scheduling regimes included I₁ (50% available soil moisture depletion-ASMD); I₂ (CWSI i.e. crop water stress index based); and I₃ (Conventional crop growth stage based). The 5 graded N levels included 0 (N0); 50 (N1); 100 (N2); 150 (N3); and 200 (N4) kg N/ha. Results showed that 50% DASM based irrigation significantly increased grain yield (11.28 and 6.30%), straw yield (5.33 and 5.70%), dry matter accumulation (5.65 and 5.44%), water productivity (11.37 and 6.19%), root length (15.89 and 44.48%), root weight (11.63 and 12.77%) and grain N uptake (20.88 and 14.52%) compared to conventional crop stage based irrigation during 2021–22 and 2022–23, respectively. Among the graded N application, maximum grain yield (4.78 and 4.82 t/ha) and crop water productivity (13.91 and 15.09 kg/ha-mm) were recorded with treatment N₄ (200 kg N/ha), but remained statistically at par with N₃ (150 kg N/ha) due to the marginal increment beyond 150 kg N/ha. Overall, soil moisture based irrigation at 50% MAD with 150 kg/ha N application proved to be the most effective and economical approach to enhance dry-matter accumulation, yield and water productivity with saving from harmful environmental effects ascending from excessive nitrogen use.

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