An outlook on mechanisms inciting drought tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
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Authors
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Manju S.
PhD scholar, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
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Dr. Rajeswari S.
Professor, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
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Dr. Manikanda Boopathi N.
Professor, Department of Plant Biotechnology. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
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Dr. Premalatha N.
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
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Dr. Sritharan N.
Associate Professor, Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
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Dr. Uma D.
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
Abstract
Drought is a complex abiotic stress governed by profuse mechanisms at the morpho- physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. The current instability in climatic conditions induces differential change in the growth and reproductive responses of plants. Cotton is a major fibre crop globally, with immense economic benefits. It is highly susceptible to drought at critical growth stages. Drought tolerance studies involves many physiological mechanisms such as relative water content, leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and osmotic adjustment which enable the plant to withstand drought. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidant enzymes, activation of phytohormones like abscisic acid are crucial biochemical mechanisms for plant survival under drought. At molecular level, upregulation of certain genes (GhSP1, GhFTL1, GhEXLB2 and GhGLK1) and downregulation of MAPKKK genes lead to increased drought tolerance. Over-expression of GhWRKY6 elicits ROS mediated oxidative injury. Studying the upregulation of a transcription factor, GhirNAC2 and target of miR394a/b on GhD01G0229 can be considered significant under drought stress. The above mentioned genes, transcription factors and miRNAs could be identified and precisely mapped to better understand gene expression and could be targeted for improving drought tolerance. This review examines the effect of various mechanisms conferring drought tolerance in cotton.
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References
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