Deciphering the Enzyme Dynamics in the Gut Juice of Bivoltine Silkworm Breeds and their Parallelism with Economic success
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Authors
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mohd younus wani
Keywords:
Cocoon, Temporal, Biochemical, Climate and SericultureAbstract
The lack of strong silkworm breeds in Jammu and Kashmir is a major obstacle to achieving optimal cocoon yields. This study introduces a novel, standardized methodology for biochemical assessment of digestive enzymes in bivoltine silkworms by employing a chloroform-induced gut-juice collection protocol with a defined effective exposure window. The collected gut fluid was normalized by protein content to ensure comparability across ten distinct breeds. Temporal profiling of key digestive enzymes-amylase, protease, alkaline phosphatase, and acid phosphatase-throughout the fifth instar was performed and integrated with economic traits using correlation and cluster analyses. We found significant differences between breeds, with SK1 showing the highest protein concentration at 42.76 mg/ml, along with the highest enzyme activities followed by other breeds. The temporal analysis indicated peak amylase and protein levels on the fifth day, whereas protease and phosphatase levels peaked on the seventh. This integrative biochemical–economic framework provides specific reference for identifying enzyme-based markers linked to larval vigour and cocoon productivity in Kashmir. The study identifies enzymatic activity as possible biochemical markers for undertaking breeding programmes to evolve new breeds that are resilient with high cocoon yields.
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