Analysis of gut juice biochemical profiles in different silkworm (Bombyx mori)breeds and their correlation with economic traits

MOHD YOUNUS  WANI; NISAR AHMAD  GANIE; MUSHTAQ RASOOL  MIR; ASIF  RAFIQ; KHURSHEED AHMAD  SAHAF

doi:10.56093/ijas.v96i7.175788

Authors

MOHD YOUNUS WANI College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193 121, India
NISAR AHMAD GANIE College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193 121, India
MUSHTAQ RASOOL MIR College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193 121, India
ASIF RAFIQ College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193 121, India
KHURSHEED AHMAD SAHAF College of Temperate Sericulture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Mirgund, Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir 193 121, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v96i7.175788

Keywords:

Biochemical, Climate, Cocoon, Sericulture, Temporal

Abstract

The lack of strong silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) breeds in Jammu and Kashmir is a major obstacle to achieve optimal cocoon yields. This study introduces standardised methodology for biochemical assessment of digestive enzymes in bivoltine silkworms by employing a chloroform-induced gut juice collection protocol with a defined effective exposure window. The collected gut fluid was normalised by protein content to ensure comparability across 10 distinct breeds. Temporal profiling of key digestive enzymes - amylase, protease, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase throughout the 5^th instar was performed and integrated with economic traits using correlation and cluster analyses. Significant differences were found between breeds, with SK1 showing the highest protein concentration at 42.76 mg/mL, along with the highest enzyme activities followed by other breeds. The temporal analysis indicated peak amylase and protein levels on the 5^th day, whereas protease and phosphatase levels peaked on the 7^th day. This integrative biochemical-economic framework provides specific reference for identifying enzyme-based markers linked to larval vigour and cocoon productivity in Kashmir. The study identifies enzymatic activity as possible biochemical markers for undertaking breeding programmes to evolve new breeds that are resilient with high cocoon yields.

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