Effect of deficit irrigation on growth and yield of drip irrigated cabbage

G B RAJURKAR; NEELAM PATEL; T B S RAJPUT; CINI VARGHESE

doi:10.56093/ijas.v85i2.46490

Authors

G B RAJURKAR Ph D Scholar, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
NEELAM PATEL Principal Scientist, Water Technology Centre (WTC), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
T B S RAJPUT Principal Scientist, Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
CINI VARGHESE Senior Scientist, Division of Agricultural Statistics, IASRI, New Delhi 110 012

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i2.46490

Keywords:

Cabbage yield and growth, Drip irigation system performance, Irrigation levels, Nonpressure compensating drippers, Pressure compensating drippers

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted on cabbage crop (var. Indo-American Hybrid Ramakrishna) during the winter season of 2010-11 in loamy soil of Water Technology Centre, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of three levels of irrigation, i.e. 60, 80 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and two types of drip irrigation systems, viz. pressure compensating (PC) and non-pressure compensating (NPC) drippers on the cabbage growth and yield. Rated discharge of PC and NPC drippers were 1.0 and 2.1 litres per hour (lph). Cabbage crop was sown in November 2013 at the spacing of 30cm (plant to plant) and 60cm (row to row). Leaf Area Index (LAI) was recorded at initial, developmental, mid-season and maturity stages while the root volume was determined at the maturity stage of crop growth. Under PC system, the LAI values of 0.59, 0.90 and 2.07 were recorded at initial, developmental and middle stage of crop, respectively. During maturity stage, NPC dripper showed higher LAI (2.61) as compared to PC drippers (2.57). Increased wetting depth under NPC system resulted in higher root depth (70 cm) and higher root volume. The maximum and minimum yields obtained in PC drippers were 91.2 and 83.33 t/ha, whereas in the plot having NPC drippers, maximum and minimum yields
obtained were 61.48 and 53.70 t/ha, respectively. Yield obtained under 80 and 100 % ETc was not significantly different, however full application of water (100%) resulted in better yield. Thus, Pressure compensating drippers with discharge matching to crop water needs (1.0 lph) and irrigation at 80 % ETc is recommended as optimum practice for cabbage cultivation in loamy soils of northern India.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D and Smith M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration. Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, FAO, Rome, Italy, p 300.

Central Water Commission (CWC). 2000. Report of the Standing Sub-Committee for Assessment of availability and requirement of water for diverse uses in the country. (Available at: http://www.cwc.nic.in.

Central Water Commission (CWC). 2011. Water Resources at a Glance, New Delhi. (Available at: http://www.cwc.nic.in).

Dasberg S and Or D. 1999. Applied Agriculture: Drip Irrigation. p 162. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03963-2

Geerts, Sam and Raes, Dirk, 2009. Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas. Agricultural Water Management. 96(9):1 275–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.04.009

Imtiyaz M, Mgadla N P, Chepete B and Manase S K. 2000. Response of six vegetable crops to irrigation schedules. Agricultural Water Management, 45: 331–42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(99)00105-5

Keller J and Karmaeli D. 1974. Trickle irrigation design. Rain Bird Sprinkler Manufacturing Corporation, Glendora, California.

Pitts D J. 1997. Evaluation of micro irrigation systems. South West Florida Research and Education Centre, University of Florida.

Sezen SM, Yazar A and Eker S. 2006. Effect of drip irrigation regimes on yield and quality of field grown bell pepper. Agricultural. Water Management 81: 115–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.04.002

Smith M (Eds.).1991. Report on the expert consultation on procedures for revision of FAO guidelines for prediction of crop water requirements. FAO, Rome, p 45.

Tavakkoli A R, and Oweis T Y. 2004. The role of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen in producing bread wheat in the highlands of Iran. Agricultural Water Management. 65: 225–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2003.09.001

Tiwari K N, Singh A and Mal P K. 2003. Effect of drip irrigation on yield of cabbage under mulch and non-mulch conditions. Agricultural Water Management 58:19–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(02)00084-7

Wahb-Allah M, Abdel-Razzak H, Alsadon A and Ibrahim A. 2014. Growth, yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency of tomato under arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and irrigation level treatments. Life Science Journal 11(2):109–17.

Westarp S V, Chieng S and Schreier H. 2004. A comparison between low-cost drip irrigation, conventional drip irrigation, and hand watering in Nepal. Agricultural Water Management 64:143–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(03)00206-3

Wu I P, Howell T A and Hiler E A. 1979. Hydraulic design of drip irrigation systems. Hawaii Agric Exp Stn, Tech. Bull. 105, Honolulu. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/JRCEA4.0001266

Zhang, Heping and Oweis, Theib. 1999. Water-yield relations and optimal irrigation scheduling of wheat in the Mediterranean region, Agricultural Water Management 38(3): 195–211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(98)00069-9

Zhang Y, Kendy E, Qiang Y, Changming L, Yanjun S and Hongyong, S. 2003. Effect of soil water deûcit on evapotranspiration, crop yield, and water use efficiency in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management 64:107– 22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(03)00201-4