Water use pattern and productivity in bed planted wheat (Triticum aestivum) under varying moisture regimes in shallow water table conditions

KARMAL SINGH; A S DHINDWAL; A K DHAKA; MEENA SEWHAG; R K PANNU

doi:10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50854

Authors

KARMAL SINGH Assistant scientist, Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004
A S DHINDWAL Senior Agronomist, Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004
A K DHAKA Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004
MEENA SEWHAG Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004
R K PANNU Dean, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50854

Keywords:

Bed planting, Moisture, Shallow water table, Water productivity, Wheat yield

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2010-11 and 2011-12 at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar having shallow water table (85 to135 cm) to evaluate the water use and its components in bed planted (FIRBS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under three levels of moisture regimes, viz. irrigation at IW/CPE = 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9. Depletion of soil moisture (SMD) and contribution from shallow water table (GWC) increased with stage of the crop, maximum during 86 DAS to maturity period. Soil water, in the respective two crop seasons, contributed 8.63 cm and 9.27 cm under FIRBS, and 8.10 cm and 8.77 cm with conventional method of sowing towards crop ET. Total water use was 38.24 and 40.83 cm in conventional sowing which decreased to 37.43 and 36.84 cm under FIRBS in the respective two crop seasons. The water productivity of the applied irrigation water under FIRBS was higher by 25.2 and 21.5% (630 and 305 kg/ha-cm) than conventional sowing (503 and 251 kg/ha-cm) in the respective two crop seasons. The share of soil water to crop ET was highest (37.8%) with IW/CPE=0.5 and decreased to 30.8% with IW/CPE=0.9. GWC was not influenced by varying moisture regimes in the 1st crop season, but in the 2nd season it was higher under IW/CPE=0.5 and decreased with increase in moisture regimes. The total water use in the two crop seasons was highest (40.44 and 43.71 cm with irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.9 and decreased with decrease in moisture regimes. Irrigations applied at IW/CPE=0.9 resulted in significantly higher grain yields closely followed by IW/CPE=0.7. The WUE of irrigation water applied was highest (733 kg/hacm) with irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.7 in 2010-11, but in 2011-12, it was highest (378 kg/ha-cm) with lowest moisture regimes of irrigation at IW/CPE of 0.5.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Babajimopoulos C, Panoras A, Georgoussis H, Arampatzis G, Hatzigiannakis E and Papamichail D. 2007. Contribution to irrigation from shallow water table under field conditions. Agricultural Water Management 92: 205–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.05.009

Bandyopadhyay P K and Mallic S. 2003. Actual evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under varying moisture levels of humid tropical canal command area. Agricultural Water Management 59: 33–47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(02)00112-9

Campbell G S. 1974. A simple method for determining the unsaturated conductivity from moisture retention data. Soil Science 117: 311–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-197406000-00001

Dastane N G. 1972. A Practical Manual for Water Use Research in Agriculture. Navbharat Prakashan, Poona, India.

Giesel W V, Ranger Mb and Strebel O. 1972. Berechnug des kapillaren Ausfstieges aus dem Grundwasser in den Wurzelraum vnder stationoir. Bedigvng Z. Pflanzenernaehr bodenkd 132: 17–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.19721320104

Hobbs P R and Gupta R K. 2003. Resource-conserving technologies for wheat in the rice-wheat system. (In) Improving Productivity and Sustainability of Rice-Wheat Systems: Issues and Impact. American Society of Agronomy Special Publication 65, pp 149–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub65.c7

Jhorar L R, Jagan Nath and Dahiya I S. 1991. Irrigation requirement of wheat crop under shallow water table condition for Hisar tract in Haryana. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 39: 32–6.

Kahlown M A, Ashraf M and Zia–ul–Haq. 2005. Effect of shallow groundwater table on crop water requirements and crop yields. Agricultural Water Management 76 (1): 24–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.01.005

Kumar P, Singh O and Ahlawat I P S. 2014. Influence of different tillage and herbicide management on weed dynamics and wheat productivity under rice-wheat cropping system. Journal of AgriSearch 1(2): 80–5.

Kumar, S and Dhindwal A S. 2009. Water productivity of wheat succeeding mungbean and sorghum in relation to planting techniques and irrigation scheduling. Journal of Water Management 17(2): 1–7.

Musick J T, Jones O R, Stewart B and Dusek D A. 1994. Wateryield relationship for irrigated and dryland wheat in the US southern planis. Agronomy Journal 86: 980–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1994.00021962008600060010x

Sayre K D and Moreno Ramos O H. 1997. Applications of Raised- Bed Planting Systems to Wheat. Wheat Special Report No. 31, CIMMYT, Mexico, D.F.

Soppe R W O and Ayars J E. 2003. Characterizing groundwater use by safflower using lysimeters. Agricultural Water Management 60: 59–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(02)00149-X

Yang H M, Zgang X Y and Wang G X. 2004. Relaltionship between stomatal character, photosystetic character and seed chemical composition in grass pea at different water availabilities. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 142: 675–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859605004831