Imbibition behaviour and germination response in conventional and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) seeds
Abstract views: 187 / PDF downloads: 79
https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v86i12.65652
Keywords:
Black and yellow seed coat color, Germination, Imbibition, Indian mustard, Melanin, PhenolAbstract
Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss] seeds are well known for their multipurpose uses, such as oilseeds, spices etc. Being extensively cultivated in northern and western part of the country it constitutes major share in country's oilseeds production. Developing cultivars having low erucic acid and glucosinolates (single zero and double zero) is a major objective of worldwide Brassica breeding. Such cultivars are also known as Quality Indian mustard. Seed; being vital input in agriculture, its quality determines the performance of a given genotype and efficiency of all other inputs too. Color variation among the seed coat is known to affect the rate of water uptake and thereby the vigor of seeds and these color variation is mainly because of pigments such as melanin and phenolics compounds. No such studies are reported in Indian mustard, though there is variability with respect to seed coat colour in both conventional and quality type of Indian mustard seeds. Thus the present investigation was carried out with a view to evaluate the imbibitional behaviour in black and yellow seeds of Indian mustard. The material had eight varieties of Indian mustard of which four genotypes each were of conventional and quality types. The seed of these genotypes
varied for seed coat color, i.e. four black seeded and four yellow seeded genotypes. Thus, the material has two genotypes each with black and yellow seed coat from conventional and quality groups. We studied the rate of imbibition in black and yellow seeds and correlated them with the melanin and phenol content. We found that the black seeds were having higher amounts of melanin and phenol content and thus imbibing slowly than yellow seeds. On the other hand, faster imbibition in yellow seeds leads to imbibitional injury which is known to reduce the vigor in Brassica. Use of controlled deterioration revealed the proneness of yellow seeds to ageing and thus reduction in vigor of such seeds. Few yellow seeded cultivars showed resistance to such deterioration and thus could be used in improvement programme in Brassica.
Downloads
References
Abdul-Baki A A and Anderson J D. 1973.Vigour determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science 13: 630–3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300060013x
Bewley J D and Black M. 1994. Seeds and germination. (In) Seeds, pp 377-420. Springer, US. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1002-8_9
Buitink J and Leprince O. 2004. Glass formation in plant anhydrobiotes, survival in the dry state. Cryobiology 48(3): 215–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.02.011
Chachalis D and Smith M L. 2000. Imbibition behavior of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merri) accessions with different testa characteristics. Seed Science Technology 28: 321–31.
Debeaujon I, Karen L K and Maarten K. 2000. Influence of the testa on seed dormancy, germination, and longevity in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 122: 403–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.122.2.403
Duran J and Retamal N. 1989. Coat structure and regulation of dormancy in Sinapsis arvensis L. seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology 135: 218–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(89)80180-4
Ertekin M and Kirdar E. 2010. Effects of seed coat colour on seed characteristics of honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos). African Journal of Agricultural Research 5(17): 2 434–8.
Hosseini K M, Lomholt A and Mat-thews S. 2009. Mean germination time in the laboratory estimates the relative vigour and field performance of commercial seed lots of maize (Zea mays L.). Seed Science and Technology 37: 446–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2009.37.2.17
ISTA. 2014. International Rules for Seed Testing. Seed Science and Technology.
Kantar F, Pilbeam C J and Hebblethwaite P D. 1996. Effect of tannin content of faba bean (Vicia faba) seed on seed vigour, germination and field emergence. Annals of Applied Biology 28: 85–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1996.tb07092.x
Kuo W H J. 1989. Delayed-permeability of soybean seeds: characteristics and screening methodology. Seed Science and Technology 17:131–42.
Matthews S and Bradnock W T. 1967. The detection of seed samples of wrinkle-seeded peas (Pisum sativum L.) of potentially low planting value. (In) Proceedings of the International Seed Testing Association 32: 553–63.
Matthews S, Beltrami E, El-Khadem R, Khajeh Hosseini M, Nasehzadeh M and Urso G. 2011. Evidence that time for repair during early germination leads to vigour differences in maize. Seed Science and Technology 39: 501–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2011.39.2.21
Nicholas M A and Heydecker W. 1968. Two approaches to the study of germination data. Proceedings of the International Seed Testing Association 33: 531–40.
Parmoon G, Ebadi A, Jahanbakhsh S, and Davari M. 2013. The effect of seed priming and accelerated aging on germination and physiochemical changes in milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Notulae Scientia Biologicae 5(2): 204–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb529017
Powell A A. 1995. The controlled deterioration test. (In) Seed Vigour Testing Seminar, the International Seed Testing Association, Copenhagen, pp 73–87.
Reisdorph N A and Koster K L. 1999. Progressive loss of desiccation tolerance in germinating pea (Pisum sativum) seeds. Physiologia Plantarum 105(2): 265–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.105211.x
Sara M, Elena E, Maria E and Gonza B. 2012. Biochemical changes induced in seeds of Brassicaceae wild species during ageing. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum (33): 1 803–9.
Singleton V L and Rossi J A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 16(3): 144–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144
Sivritepe H O and Dourado A M. 1995. The effect of priming treatments on the viability and accumulation of chromosomal damage in aged pea seeds. Annals of Botany 75(2): 165–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1995.1008
Tully R E, Musgrave M E and Leopold A C. 1981. The seed coat as a control of imbibitional chilling injury. Crop Science 21: 312–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183X002100020026x
Tyagi V. 2012. India’s agriculture: Challenges for growth and development in present scenario. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences 2(5): 116–28.
Xu A, Huang Z M, Xiao E, Tian G, Zhang X, Tu J and Zhang G. 2010. Inheritance of seed color and molecular markers linked to the seed color gene in Brassica juncea. Journal of Molecular Breeding 25: 57–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-009-9308-5
Ye X L, Li J N, Tang Z L and Chen L. 2001. Dynamic studies on difference of seed coat pigments and related characters between black-seeded and yellow-seeded rapeseed lines (Brassica napus L.) in the developmental stages of embryo. (In) Proceedings of International Symposium on Rapeseed Science, Science Press, New York, pp 73–84.
Zhang X K, Chen J, Wang H Z and Li J N. 2008. Imbibition behaviour and flooding tolerance of rapeseed seed (Brassica napus L.) with different testa color. Journal of Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 55: 1 175–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-008-9318-x
Zhang X K, Yang G T, Chen L, Yin J M, Tang Z L and Li J N. 2006. Physiological differences between yellow-seeded and black-seeded rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with different testa characteristics during artificial ageing. Seed Science and Technology 34(2): 373–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2006.34.2.13
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2016 The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.