Response of furrow irrigated raised bed planted maize (Zea mays) to different moisture regimes and herbicides treatments under semi-arid conditions

SANDEEP RAWAL; A S DHINDWAL; S S PUNIA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v88i3.78399

Authors

SANDEEP RAWAL Senior Research Fellow, IARI, New Delhi 110 012
A S DHINDWAL Senior Agronomist, Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004
S S PUNIA Principal Scientist, Departmentof Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i3.78399

Keywords:

FIRBS, Irrigation scheduling, Pan evaporation, Water productivity (WP), Weed control

Abstract

An experiment was conducted on furrow irrigated raise bed (FIRB) planted maize at Hisar, during kharif season of 2013 and 2014, in split plot design with three replications. Four moisture regimes, viz. irrigation applied at an interval of 80 mm, 120 mm, 160 mm and 200 mm cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) were evaluated in main plot and five weed control treatments, viz. weed free, weedy check (control), pre emergence application of pendimethalin at 1000g/ha, pre emergence application of atrazine at 750 g/ha and post emergence application of tembotrione at 120 g/ha in sub plots. Above normal well distributed rainfall (564 mm) was received during 2013 maize crop season lead ingto comparatively higher consumptive use of water and less water productivity as compared to 2014 season, in which only 212 mm rainfall was received. Irrigation applied at 80 mm CPE resulted in significantly higher growth and yieldparameters, grain, straw and biological yield while highest water productivity was achieved with 120 mm CPE intervalirrigation. Among weed control treatments, growth and yield parameters, grain yield and the water productivity was
highest in weed free which was statistically comparable with the application of atrazine, 750 g/ha (pre emergence)or tembotrione, 120 g/ha (post emergence) with lowest density and dry weight of weeds.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anjum S A, Xie X Y, Wang L C, Saleem M F, Man C and Lei W. 2011. Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(9): 2026–32.

Anonymous. 2014. Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2014. Agricultural Statistics Division, Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Department of Agriculture & Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government. of India, New Delhi.

Arvadiya L K, Raj V C, Patel T U, Arvadiya M K and Naik V K. 2013. Productivity of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) as influenced by plant population and weed management. Bioinfolet 10(2A): 382–4.

Aulakh G S, Vashist K K and Mahal S S. 2013. Influence of irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on root density, nutrient uptake and grain yield of August sown hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). International Journal of Plant Sciences 8(2): 208–14.

Chigign A, Kumar B N A, Rajkumara S, Patil B R, Patil H Y and Kuligod V B. 2014. Physiological response, molecular analysis and water use efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under various irrigation regimes. African Journal of Biotechnology 13(29): 2966–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2013.12002

de Mol F, von Redwitz C and Gerowitt B. 2015. Weed species composition of maize fields in Germany is influenced by site and crop sequence (M Liebman, Ed.). Weed Research 55: 574–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/wre.12169

Ertek A. 2011. Importance of pan evaporation for irrigation scheduling and proper use of crop-pan coefficient (Kcp), crop coefficient (Kc) and pan coefficient (Kp). African Journal Agricultural Research 6(32): 6706–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR11.1522

Fanadzo M, Mashingaidze A B and Nyakanda C. 2007. Narrow rows and high maize densities decrease maize grain yield but suppress weeds under dryland conditions in Zimbabwe. Journal of Agronomy 6: 566–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ja.2007.566.570

Hatti V, Sanjay M T, Ramachandraprasad T V, Murthy K N K, Kumbar B and Shruthi M K. 2014. Effect of new herbicide molecules on yield, soil microbial biomass and their phytotoxicity on maize (Zea mays L.) under irrigated conditions. Bioscan 9(3): 1127–30.

Hsiao T C. 1973. Plant responses to water stress. Annual Reviews of Plant Physiology 24: 519–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.24.060173.002511

Indiastat. 2016. Selected State/Season-wise Area, Production and Productivity of Maize in India (2014-2015 and 2015- 2016). available at world wide web accessible at: https://www.indiastat.com/agriculture/2/cerealsandmillets/963995/maize/17199/stats.aspx

Jat H S, Singh G, Singh R, Choudhary M, Jat M L, Gathala M K and Sharma D K. 2015. Management influence on maize-wheat system performance, water productivity and soil biology. Soil Use Management 31: 534–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12208

Kanwar R S, Baker J L and Mukhtar S. 1988. Excessive soil water effects at various stages of development on the growth and yield of com. Transactions of the ASAE 31(1): 133–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.30678

Khan N W, Khan N and Khan I A. 2012. Integration of nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide for efficient weed management in maize crop. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 28(3): 457–63.

Kour P, Kumar A, Sharma B C, Kaur R, Kumar J and Punia R. 2014. Effect of weed management on crop productivity of winter maize (Zea mays L.) + potato (Solanum tuberosum) intercropping system in Shiwalik foothills of Jammu and Kashmir. Indian Journal of Agronomy 59(1): 18–22.

Kumar R, Srinivas K and Sivaramane N. 2013. Assessment of the maize situation, outlook and investment opportunities in India. Country Report – Regional Assessment Asia (MAIZE-CRP), National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, India.

Leyshon A J and Sheared R W. 1974. Influence of short term flooding on the growth and plant nutrient compositions of barley. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 54: 463–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss74-060

Mahadi M A. 2014. Growth, nutrient uptake and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by weed control and poultry manure. International Journal of Science and Nature 5(1): 94–102.

Majeed A, Niaz A, Muhmood A, Ahmad Z A, Ilyas M and Wakeel A. 2017. Nitrogen use efficiency, water saving and yield of rice transplanting on raised bed over traditional flat method. Journal of Plant Nutrition 40: 307–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2016.1240190

Mathers D and Parker M. 2013. Weed management for Maize (Research Progress No. 11). Foundation for Arable Research, New Zealand.

Meng Q, Chen X, Lobell D B, Cui Z, Zhang Y, Yang H and Zhang F. 2016. Growing sensitivity of maize to water scarcity under climate change. Scientific Reports (6) No. 19605. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19605

Mhlanga B, Chauhan B S and Thierfelder C. 2016. Weed management in maize using crop competition: A review. Crop Protection 88: 28–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2016.05.008

Mohapatra S, Mohanty A K, Tripathy S K, Nayak B R, Panigrahy N, Samant P K, and Lenka S. 2016. Irrigation schedule and crop geometry effect on weed management in maize + greengram intercropping system. Indian Journal of Weed Science 48: 287–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8164.2016.00070.8

Neelakanth J K, Gundlur S S, Gopal P A, Dasar V and Rajkumar S. 2015. Yield, economics and water use efficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) under various irrigation regimes on raised bed planting system. Environment and Ecology 33(3): 1151–4.

Oerke E C. 2006. Crop losses to pests. Journal of Agricultural Science 144: 31–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859605005708

Okunlola G O, Olatunji O A, Akinwale R O, Tariq A and Adelusi A A. 2017. Physiological response of the three most cultivated pepper species (Capsicum spp.) in Africa to drought stress imposed at three stages of growth and development. Scientia Horticulturae 224: 198–205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.06.020

Olsen S R, Cole C V, Watenable F S and Dean L A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. U S Department of Agriculturel Circular 939: 621–8.

Owla M L, Nepalia V, Singh D, Mordia A and Sharma M. 2015. Response of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) to nutrient and weed management in southern Rajasthan. Annals of Agriculture Research 36(2): 171–6.

Rao A N, Wani S P and Ladha J K. 2014. Weed management research in India: an analysis of the past and outlook for future. (In) Souvenir (1989-2014). DWR Publication No. 18, Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, India, pp. 126.

Reddy M M, Padmaja B and Reddy D V V. 2012. Response of maize (Zea mays L.) to irrigation scheduling and nitrogen doses under no till condition in rice fallows. Journal of Research- ANGRAU 40(1): 6–12.

Shekhar C, Singh D, Singh A K, Nepalia V and Choudhary J. 2014. Weed dynamics, productivity and soil health under different tillage and weed control practices in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) cropping sequence. Indian Journal of Agronomy 59(4): 561–7.

Sheoran O P, Tonk D S, Kaushik L S, Hasija R and Pannu R. 1998. Statistical Software Package for Agricultural Research Workers. Recent Advances in information theory, Statistics & Computer Applications. Department of Mathematics Statistics, CCS HAU, Hisar.

Singh G. 2010. Irrigation and nitrogen needs of August sown hybrid maize. M Sc thesis, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

Soleimanifard A, Naseri R, Emami T, Mirzaei A, Khoshkhabar H. and Soleimani R. 2011. The effects of irrigation regimes and the planting patterns on yield and yield components of maize. American - Eurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences 10(2): 278–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2011.278.286

Subbiah B C and Asija G L. 1956. A rapid procedure for the estimation of available nitrogen in soils. Current Science 25: 259–60.

Walkley A J and Black I A. 1934. Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003