Effect of long-term use of organic, inorganic and integrated management practices on carbon sequestration and soil carbon pools in different cropping systems in Tarai region of Kumayun hills

DEBASHIS DUTTA; D K SINGH; N SUBASH; N RAVISANKAR; VINOD KUMAR; A L MEENA; R P MISHRA; SHWETA SINGH; VAIBHAV KUMAR; A S PANWAR

doi:10.56093/ijas.v88i4.79066

Authors

DEBASHIS DUTTA ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
D K SINGH GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand
N SUBASH ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
N RAVISANKAR ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
VINOD KUMAR ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
A L MEENA ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
R P MISHRA ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
SHWETA SINGH ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
VAIBHAV KUMAR ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110
A S PANWAR ICAR Indian Institute of Farming System Research, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i4.79066

Keywords:

Carbon pool, Carbon sequestration, Cropping systems, Management practices, System equivalent yield

Abstract

A study was undertaken during 2004-05 to 2013-14 to study the influence of different management options including cropping systems on carbon sequestration and soil carbon pools under Typic haplaquoll soil condition. Complete organic management (as per National Programme for Organic Production standards) with supply of 100% nutrient through organic sources, integrated crop management (nutrient and pests) with supply of 50% nitrogen through organic and 50% through inorganic and inorganic crop management with 100% nitrogen through inorganic sources while in sub plots four cropping systems namely Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-Sesbania, Basmati rice-lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.)-Sesbania, Basmati rice-vegetable pea (Pisum sativum L.)- Sesbania and Basmati rice-Brassica napus- Sesbania cropping system were tested in strip plot design at G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The three main plot treatments consisted of 100% organic, 50% organic + 50% inorganic and 100% inorganic fertilizer. Parameters such as bulk density, soil organic carbon, labile carbon pool, water soluble carbon, dehydrogenase activity were studied in all the treatments besides cropping systems equivalent yield. Bulk density varied from 1.24 to 1.44 Mg/m³ in 0-15 cm soil under different nutrient management practices and the same increased with the increase in depth. Soil organic carbon (SOC) did not vary significantly among different cropping systems in 0-15 cm soil. The soil organic carbon content ranged from 10.70 to 11.13 g/kg under different cropping systems. The labile carbon pools and water soluble carbon content decreased with the increase of soil depth. The labile carbon pool (2450.21 mg/kg), water soluble carbon (21.39 mg/kg) and dehydrogenase activity (319.44 mg TPF/day/g soil) was higher in 0-15 cm soil depth with organic management of basmati rice-wheat- Sesbania systems compared to other systems and management practices. Among the management practice, basmati rice equivalent yield was higher in organic management (7130 kg/ha) in the year 2014. Among the cropping systems, Basmati rice-lentil- Sesbania (green manuring) (7865 kg/ha) system recorded higher equivalent yield compared to other systems. The carbon sequestration (15.36 Mg/ha) was higher in basmati rice-brassica-Sesbania cropping system with organic management practice and the sequestration rate was at par with basmati rice-wheat-Sesbania cropping systems. Therefore, either basmati rice-wheat-sesbania or basmati rice-Brassica napus-Sesbania cropping system with organic or integrated management is better for sequestering higher C in the soil than the present rice-wheat system with inorganic management.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Azeez G. 2009. Soil carbon and organic farming: a review of the evidence of agriculture’s potential to combat climate change Summary of findings. http://www.nourishscotland.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/sa.pdf.

Bhattacharyya R, Chandra S, Singh R D, Kundu S, Srivastva A K and Gupta H S. 2007. Long-term farmyard manure application effects on soil properties in a silty clay loam soil under irrigated wheat-soybean rotation. Soil and Tillage Research 94: 386–96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.08.014

Blair G J, Rod D, Lefroy B and Lisle L. 1995. Soil carbon fractions, based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46: 1459–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9951459

Blake G R and Hartge K H. 1986. Bulk density. (In) Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I: Physical and Mineralogical Methods, pp 363–75. Klute A (Ed). Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.1.2ed.c13

Brar Singh Babbu, Singh Jagdeep, Singh Gurbir and Kaur Gurpreet. 2015. Effects of long tterm application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on soil organic carbon and physical properties in maize–wheat rotation. Agronomy 5: 220–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy5020220

Brar Singh, Babbu, Singh, Kamalbir, Dheri G S and Kumar Balwinder. 2013. Carbon sequestration and soil carbon pools in a rice–wheat cropping system: Effect of long-term use of inorganic fertilizers and organic manure. Soil and Tillage Research 128: 30–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.10.001

Chabbi A, Rumpel C and Kogel-Knabner I. 2009. Stabilised carbon in subsoil horizons is located in spatially distinct parts of the soil profile. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 41: 256–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.10.033

Jagadamma S and Lal R. 2010. Distribution of organic carbon in physical fractions of soils as affected by agricultural management. Biology and Fertility of Soils 46: 543–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0459-7

Ladha J K, Dawe D, Pathak H, Padre A T, Yadav R L, Singh B et al. 2003. How extensive are yield declines in long-term rice– wheat experiments in Asia? Field Crops Research 81: 159–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00219-8

Lal R. 2005. Carbon sequestration and climate change with specific reference to India. Proceedings of International Conference on Soil, Water and Environmental Quality−Issues and Strategies, IARI, New Delhi. p 295-302.

Mahdi M Al-Kaisi and Jesse B Grote. 2006. Cropping systems effects on improving soil carbon stocks of exposed subsoil. Soil Science Society of America Jounal. 71: 1381–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0200

Majumder B, Mandal B, Bandyopadhyay P K, Gangopadhyay A, Mani P K, Kundu A L and Mazumdar D. 2008. Organic amendments influence soil organic carbon pools and rice–wheat productivity. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 72:775–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0378

Mandal B, Ghoshal S K, Ghosh S, Saha S, Majumdar D, Talukdar N C, Ghosh T J, Balaguravaiah D, Babu M V S, Singh A P, Raha P, Das D P, Sharma K L, Mandal U K, Kusuma G J, Chaudhury J, Ghosh H, Samantaray R N, Mishra A K, Rout K K, Bhera B B and Rout B. 2005. Assessing soil quality for a few long term experiments—an Indian initiative. (In) Proceedings of International Conference on Soil, Water, Environment Quality-issues and strategies, held during 28 January to 1 February, 2005 at New Delhi, pp 278–81.

Manna M C, Swarup A, Wanjari R H, Singh Y V, Ghosh P K, Singh K N, Tripathi A K and Saha M N. 2006. Soil organic matter in West Bengal Inceptisol after 30 years of multiple cropping and fertilization. Soil Science Society of America Journal 70: 121–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0180

McGill W G, Cannon K R, Robertson J A and Cook F D. 1986. Dynamics of soil microbial biomass and water soluble organic carbon in Breton L after 50 years of cropping of two rotations. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 66: 1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjss86-001

Miller A J, Amundson R, Burke I C and Yonker C. 2004. The effect of climate and cultivation on soil organic C and N. Biogeochemistry 67: 57–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOG.0000015302.16640.a5

Neogi S, Bhattacharyya P , Roy K S, Panda B B, Nayak A K, Rao K S and Manna M C. 2014. Soil respiration, labile carbon pools, and enzyme activities as affected by tillage practices in a tropical rice–maize–cowpea cropping system. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 186(7): 4223–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-3693-x

Ogle S M, Breidt F J and Paustian K. 2005. Agricultural management impacts on soil organic carbon storage under moist and dry climatic conditions of temperate and tropical regions. Biogeochemistry 72: 87–121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-004-0360-2

Paustian K, Parton W J and Persson J. 1992. Modeling soil organic matter in organic amended and nitrogen fertilizer long-term plots. Soil Science Society of America Journal 56: 476–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600020023x

Purakayastha T J, Rudrappa L, Singh D, Swarup A and Bhadraray S. 2008. Long term impact of fertilizers on soil organic carbon pools and sequestration rates in maize–wheat–cowpea cropping system. Geoderma 144: 370–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2007.12.006

Serra-Wittling C, Houot S and Barriuso E. 1995. Soil enzymatic response to addition of municipal solid-waste compost. Biology and Fertility of Soils 20: 226–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00336082

Tripathi G, Deora R and Sing J H. 2010. Biological, chemical and biochemical dynamics during litter decomposition at different depths in arable soil. Journal of Ecology and Natural Environment 2(3): 038-051.

Walkley A and Black I A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003