Biology and behavior of white stem borer (Scirpophaga fusciflua) on rice (Oryza sativa) in India

ANKIT KUMAR; LAKHI RAM; RAM SINGH; BANVIR SINGH

doi:10.56093/ijas.v88i12.85451

Authors

ANKIT KUMAR Research Associate (Entomology, Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi
LAKHI RAM Principal Scientist, Rice Research Station, CCSHAU,Kaul Haryana
RAM SINGH Professor-cum-Ex Head, Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar
BANVIR SINGH Ph.D Scholar, Department of Entomology, CCSHAU, Hisar

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i12.85451

Keywords:

Fecundity, Hatchability, Incubation period, Longevity, Rice, Scirpophaga fusciflua

Abstract

The laboratory and screen house experiment was conducted to study the biology and behavior of Scirpophaga fusciflua Hampson (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) during kharif 2015. The female moth oviposited both on dorsal and ventral surfaces of the leaf. The eggs were laid in masses and covered with brownish hairs of anal tuft. The eggs were hatched in 5-7 days with an average of 5.25±0.09 days. The maximum eggs hatched on 5th day (93.62%) with 92.31% egg hatchability. The females laid eggs in the night between 9:00 pm to 11:00 pm during the study. The insect has five larval instars. The pupal period lasted for 7-9 days and the adults emerged out from the pupae at night between 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm during dusk hours. Adults exhibited sexual dimorphism. The number of eggs per female ranged from 64-212 with an average of 138.60±15.67 eggs. The longevity of male and female ranged from 2-3 days in male and 2-4 days in female, respectively. The morphometrics of different development stages are also discussed. This study is the first to describe the biology S. fusciflua in India.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anonymous. 2016. Statistical abstract of India. Government of India, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implimentation.

APEDA. 2017. Basmati Acreage and Yield Estimation in Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Western Uttar Pradesh and Parts of Jammu and Kashmir. Basmati Export Development Foundation APEDA, New Delhi.

Brar D S, Malhi B P S, Sahi A S and Singh J. 2001. Egg laying preferences and comparative incidence of Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) on different rice varieties. Journal of Research Punjab Agricultural University 38 (1-2): 36–43.

DRR. 2012. Annual Report, Vol.II. Entomology and Plant Pathology. All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme. Directorate of Rice Research Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, AP, India, p 28.

Gullan P J and Cranston P S. 2005. The insects: An outline of Entomology. 3rd edn,p 505. Blackwell Publishing. Malden MA.

Hugar S V, Hosamani V, Hanumanthaswamy B C and Pradeep S. 2010. Comparative biology of yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), (Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae) in aerobic and transplanted rice. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences 6 (1): 160–3.

Jadhao M F and Khurad M A. 2012. Biology of Scirpophaga incertulus (W.). A major pest of rice in Eastern Vidarbha, Maharashtra. International Indexed and Referred Research Journal 1(1): 14–6.

Katti G, Shankar C, Padmakumari A P and Psalu P C. 2011. Rice stem borers in India, species composition and distribution. Technical Bulletin No.59, Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad ,Telangana, India, p 29.

Khan Z R, Listinger J A, Barrion AT, Villanueva F F D, Fernandez N J and Taylo L D. 1991. World bibiliography of rice stem borers. International Rice Research Institute, POBox 933, Manila, Philippines.

Malhi B S and Brar D S. 1998. Biology of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) on basmati rice, Journal of Insect Science 11 (2): 127–9.

Manikadan N, Kennedy J S and Geethalakshmi V. 2013. Effect of elevated temperature on development time of rice yellow stem borer. Indian Journal of Science and Technology 6 (12): 5563–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2013/v6i12.5

Manikadan N, Kennedy J S and Geethalakshmi V. 2016. Effect of elevated temperature on life-history parameters of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker). Current Science 110 (5): 851–7.

Panigrahi D and Rajamani S. 2008. Studies on the biology and reproductive behaviour of Scirpophaga incertulas (Wlk.). Oryza 45 (1): 137–41.

Pathak M D and Khan Z R. 1994. Insect Pests of Rice. International Rice Research Institute, Philippines and International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Kenya,p 89.

Saini Varun, Ramaraju K and Chitra N. 2017. Occurance of new stem borer species, Scirpophaga virginia (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from Tamil Nadu, India and its taxonomic re-description. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 23(3): 325–8.

Srivastava A, Sarao P S, Ram Lakhi, Salaia R and Singh A. 2012. New record of Scirpophaga fusciflua Hampson from North India. Journal of Rice Research 5. (1 & 2): 61–1.

Wu S W, Peng Z P, Jiang G F, Qin G Q and He CY. 2014. Effects of harvest method and treatment of rice stubble on over-wintering of Chilo suppressalis Walker. Hunan Agricultural Science (1): 48–53.