Evaluation of physiological and growing behavior of warm season turfgrass species against salinity stress


301 / 206

Authors

  • BABITA SINGH Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012
  • S S SINDHU Head and Principle Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012
  • AJAY ARORA Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012
  • HARENDRA YADAV Technical Assistant, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v89i3.87593

Keywords:

Cynodon dactylon, Paspalum notatum, Stenotaphrum secundatum, Turfgrass, Zoysia matrella

Abstract

The demand for salinity tolerant turfgrasses is increasing due to augmented use of effluent or low quality water for turf irrigation. Fresh water, coupled with soil salinization in many areas has resulted in an increased need for screening of salt-tolerant turfgrasses. Physiological responses to salinity and relative salt tolerance of four C4 turf grasses Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass), Zoysia matrella (Manilla grass), Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustine grass) and Paspalum notatum (Bahia grass) were investigated during the study at Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, IARI, New Delhi 2015-2017. Turfgrasses were planted in plastic pots filled with sand: cocopeat: vermiculite (2:1:1) and irrigated with different concentration of salinity levels (50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mm). Salinity tolerance was evaluated on the basis of leaf firing, shoots and root growth reduction, proline content, total chlorophyll content and relative water content was subjected to analysis of variance. Among the four turfgrass species S. secundatum found to be most salt tolerant turf grass followed by Z. matrella while P. notatum was least tolerant turfgrass against salt stress.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdullah Z, Khan M A and Flowers T J. 2001.Causes of sterility in seed set of rice under salinity stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 187(1): 25–32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-037X.2001.00500.x

Alshammary S F, Qian Y L and Wallner S J. 2004.Growth response of four turfgrass species to salinity. Agricultural Water Management 66(2): 97–111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2003.11.002

Barr M E. 1968. The Venturiaceae in North America. Canadian Journal of Botany 46(6): 799–864. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b68-111

Bates L S, Waldren R P and Teare I D. 1973 Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil 39(1): 205–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060

Borsani O, Valpuesta V and Botella M A. 2003. Developing salt tolerant plants in a new century: a molecular biology approach. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 73(2): 101–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022849200433

Cavalieri A J and Huang A H C. 1979. Evaluation of proline accumulation in the adaptation of diverse species of marsh halophytes to the saline environment. American Journal of Botany 66(3): 307–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1979.tb06228.x

Everard J D, Gucci R, Kann S C, Flore J A and Loescher W H. 1994. Gas exchange and carbon partitioning in the leaves of celery (Apium graveolens L.) at various levels of root zone salinity. Plant Physiology 106(1): 281–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.106.1.281

Harivandi A, Bulter J D and Wu L. 1992. Salinity and turfgrass culture in Turfgrass. Agronomy Monograph, ASA. CSSA and SSSA, Madison,Wis, USA pp 208–30.

Hiscox J D and Israelstam G F. 1979. A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany 57(12): 1332–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b79-163

Hixson A C, Crow W T, McSorley R and Trenholm L E. 2004. Saline irrigation affects belonolaimus longicaudatus and hoplolaimus galeatus on seashore paspalum. Journal of Nematology 37: 37–44.

Jacoby B. 1999. Mechanism involved in salt tolerance of plants. Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, pp 97–124. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780824746728.pt2

Lee G, Carrow R N and Duncan R R. 2004. Photosynthetic responses to salinity stress of halophytic seashore paspalum ecotypes. Plant Science 166(6): 1417–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2003.12.029

Maas E V and Hoffman G J. 1977. Crop salt tolerance-current assessment. ASCE Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division 103: 115–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/JRCEA4.0001137

Marcum K B and Kopec D M. 1997. Salinity tolerance of turfgrasses and alternative species in the sub family Chloridodeae (Poaceae). International Turf grass Society Research Journal 8: 735–42.

Marcum K B and Murdoch C L. 1994. Salinity tolerance mechanisms of six C4 turf grasses. Journal of American Society Horticultural Science 109: 419–22.

Marcum, K B and Murdoch C L. 1990. Growth responses, ion relations, and osmotic adaptations of eleven C4 Turf grasses to salinity. Agronomy Journal 82(5): 892–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1990.00021962008200050009x

Marcum K B. 2006. Use of saline and on-potable water in the turf grass industry: Constraints and developments. Agriculture Water Management. 80: 132 pp. 97–124.46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.009

Marcum K. B. 1994. Salinity Tolerance Mechanisms of Six C4 Turf grasses. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Sciences 119(4): 779–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.119.4.779

Moradi F and Ismail A M. 2007. Responses of photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and ROS-scavenging systems to salt stress during seedling and reproductive stages in rice. Annals of Botany 99(6): 1161–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm052

Munns R and Tester M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology 59: 651–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911

Neumann P M, Volkenburgh E V and Cleland R E. 1988. Salinity stress inhibits bean leaf expansion by reducing turgor, not wall extensibility. Plant Physiology 88: 233–37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.88.1.233

Paleg L G, Stewart G R and Bradbeer J W. 1984. Proline and glycine betaine influence protein salvation. Plant Physiology 75(4): 974–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.75.4.974

Pushpam R and Rangasamy S R S. 2002. In vivo response of rice cultivars to salt stress. Journal of Ecobiology 14: 177–82.

Rhodes D and Nadolska-Orczyk A. 2002. Salinity, osmolytes and compatible solutes. (in) Salinity: Environment-Plants- Molecules. Lauchli A and Luttge U, (Eds). Kluwer Academic, Boston, Mass, USA.

Sairam R K, Tyagi A and Chinnusamy V. 2006.Salinity tolerance: cellular mechanisms and gene regulation. (in) Plant– Environment Interactions, 3rd edition. Huang B. (Ed). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla, USA.

Shabala L, Cuin T A , Newman I A and Shabala S. 2005 . Salinityinduced ion flux patterns from the excised roots of Arabidopsis sos mutants. Planta 222(6): 1041–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-005-0074-2

Smirnoff N and Cumbes Q J. 1989. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of compatible solutes. Photochemistry 28(4): 1057–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(89)80182-7

Storey R G and Jones R W. 1979. Response of Atriplex spongiosa and Suaeda monoica to salinity. Plant Physiology 63(1): 156–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.63.1.156

Uddin M K and Juraimi A S. 2013. Salinity tolerance turf grass: History and prospects Scientific World Journal: 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/409413

Uddin M K, Juraimi A S, Ismail M R, Othman R and Rahim A A. 2011.Relative salinity tolerance of warm season turfgrass species. Journal of Environmental Biology 32(3): 309–12.

Downloads

Submitted

2019-03-09

Published

2019-03-09

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

SINGH, B., SINDHU, S. S., ARORA, A., & YADAV, H. (2019). Evaluation of physiological and growing behavior of warm season turfgrass species against salinity stress. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 89(3), 482–488. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v89i3.87593
Citation