Crossability studies among Momordica charantia var. charantia and Momordica charantia var. muricata

VIJAYAKUMAR RATHOD; TUSAR KANTI BEHERA; ANILABH DAS MUNSHI; VINOD VINOD; GOGRAJ SINGH JAT

doi:10.56093/ijas.v89i11.95339

Authors

VIJAYAKUMAR RATHOD PhD Scholar, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
TUSAR KANTI BEHERA Professor and Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
ANILABH DAS MUNSHI Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
VINOD VINOD Professor and Principal Scientist, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI
GOGRAJ SINGH JAT Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v89i11.95339

Keywords:

Bitter melon, Intra-specific hybridization, Pollen-pistil compatibility, Cytology, SSR marker, Hybridity test.

Abstract

Inter and intra-specific hybridization is a powerful breeding method for crop improvement and it has potential to broaden the genetic base of the cultivated species. M. charantia var. muricata is considered as a wild progenitor of bitter gourd (M. charantia) and it has important novel genes for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. In the present experiment, conducted during the 2016â€“17 and 2017â€“18, intra-specific hybrids were produced among M. charantia var. charantia and M. charantia var. muricata and these were characterized for plant morphology, pollen-pistil compatibility, cytology and molecular relation among the parents and hybrids. In both direct and reciprocal crosses, the crossability percent was nearly 90% with high percent of pollen viability. The morphological traits of the parents were highly diverse and the hybrids showed intermediate pattern of character expression. The pollen-pistil behaviour and compatibility reaction were studied for the first time and observed higher per cent of compatibility in direct cross (M. charantia var. charantia Ã— M. charantia var. muricata; 90.98%) and comparatively lower in reciprocal cross (M. charantia var. muricata Ã— M. charantia var charantia; 84.43%). Cytological and molecular marker (SSR) techniques were used for hybridity confirmation.

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