Estimation of combining ability and heterosis in TGMS based two-line hybrids of rice (Oryza sativa)

SAI REKHA  K; SARASWATHI  R; KUMAR  M; RAVEENDRAN  M; ROBIN  S

doi:10.56093/ijas.v95i2.97505

Authors

SAI REKHA K Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India
SARASWATHI R Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India
KUMAR M Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India
RAVEENDRAN M Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India
ROBIN S Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v95i2.97505

Keywords:

General combining ability, Heterosis, Specific combining ability, Thermo-sensitive genic male sterility, Two-line hybrids

Abstract

The present study was carried out during summer and rainy (kharif) season of 2016 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu to study general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) and the level of heterosis using Indica/tropical japonica male parents by crossing with TGMS lines. During the study five thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines and eight male fertile lines (4 Japonica and 4 Indica) were used to produce 40 hybrids. The combining ability and standard heterosis were analysed for 10 characters, viz. days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers/plant, panicle length, number of filled grains/panicle, 100-grain weight, spikelet fertility%, single plant yield, harvest index and biomass yield. The results revealed that the lines, TNAU 95S and TNAU 14S, tropical japonica tester Palawan and indica tester CB 15137 showed positive significant gca effect for about five characters. These cultures can be utilized as parents in hybridization programmes due to their high general combining ability for over five characters. The eight hybrids namely, TNAU 14S × Palawan; TNAU 14S × KhaoKap Sang; TNAU 14S × CB 13212; TNAU 14S × CB 15137; TNAU 18S × CB 15117; TNAU 45S × Khao do ngoi; TNAU 45S × KhaoKap Sang; and TNAU 60S × Khao do ngoi showed significant sca effects for more than 4 characters and were found to be promising hybrids based on specific combining ability. Four hybrids selected with high standard heterosis for more than 5 characters, viz. TNAU 14S × AC 38479, TNAU 14S × CB 15121, TNAU 45S × CB 15137 and TNAU 95S × CB 15121 were considered as best hybrids and can be further used in heterosis breeding.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arasakesary S J. 2012. ‘Synthesis of two-line rice hybrids (Oryza sativa L.) with stable high yield, good grain quality and high seed production potential suited for Tamil Nadu’. PhD Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Birchler J A, Yao H, Chudalayandi S, Vaiman D and Veitia R A. 2010. Heterosis. The Plant Cell 22: 2105–12.

Cherian B. 1998. ‘Characterization and utilization of TGMS lines for heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’. MSc Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Elsy C R. 1997. ‘Identification and characterization of TGMS lines for heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’. PhD Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Fasahat P, Rajabi A, Rad J M and Derera J. 2016. Principles and utilization of combining ability in plant breeding. Biometrics and Biostatistics International Journal 4(1): 1–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/bbij.2016.04.00085

Janaiah A. 2002. Hybrid rice for Indian farmers: Myths and realities. Economic and Political Weekly 37(42): 4319–28.

Kalaiyarasi R, Palaniswamy G A and Vaidyanathan P. 2002. The potentials and scope of utilizing thermosensitive male sterile lines in inter sub-species crosses of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 56: 137–43.

Karpagam V. 2011. ‘Development of two line hybrids through exploitation of thermo sensitive genic male sterility system in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’. MSc Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Kempthorne O. 1957. An Introduction to Genetic Statistics, pp. 458–71. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.

Kumar P. 2015. ‘Morphological and molecular evaluation of thermosensitive genetic male sterile (TGMS) lines and their heterotic combinations in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’, PhD Thesis, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Uttarakhand, India.

Mishra S B, Mishra C H and Chaubey C N. 1991. Combining ability of some cultivars with selected cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines. Rice Research Newsletters 16(3): 6.

Panse V G and Sukhatme P V. 1985. Statistical Methods for Agricultural Workers, pp. 87–89. Indian Council of Agricultural Research Publication, New Delhi.

Radhidevi R P, Nagarajan P, Shanmugasundaram P, Babu R C, Jayanthi S, Selvisubramani S and Subramani S. 2002. Combining ability analysis in three line and two line rice hybrids. Plant Archives 2(1): 99–102.

Sampoornam R. 1998. ‘Heterosis and combining ability studies on two line hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’. MSc Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Satheesh K P and Saravanan S T. 2010. Combining ability for yield and yield contributing characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 1(5): 1290–93.

Sundar S. 2003. ‘Exploitation and characterization of thermosensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) lines for heterosis breeding in rice (Oryza sativa L.)’. PhD Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Virmani S S, Sun Z X, Mou T M, Ali A J and Mao C X. 2003. Two-Line Hybrid Rice Breeding Manual. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.

Wynne J C, Emery D A and Rice P W. 1970. Combining ability estimates in Arachis hypogaea L. II. Field performance of F1 hybrids. Crop Science 10: 713–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183X001000060036x