Feminine farm operational methods, involvement, hardships and sensitivity in farming systems analysis

NISHA VERMA; M P SINGH; AMIT NATH; POONAM KASHYAP; S P SINGH; A S PANWAR

doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i1.98552

Authors

NISHA VERMA Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110, India
M P SINGH Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110, India
AMIT NATH Principal Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110, India
POONAM KASHYAP Senior Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110, India
S P SINGH CTO, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250 110, India
A S PANWAR Director, ICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i1.98552

Keywords:

Farming Systems, Farm operations, Feminine, Pre-dominant, Women participation index

Abstract

The present study has been conducted to identify the sensitivity in the pre-dominant farming systems of Western plain zone of Uttar Pradesh (WPZ) considering the importance of gender specific technologies much needed for better efficiency and productivity of farming systems. Four pre-dominant farming systems have been identified in WPZ of Uttar Pradesh with the highest area share (57.1%) and highest farmer distribution (62.9%) in FS₁: Crop + Dairy (1C+1-2B). The highest net return was found in FS₂: Crop + Horticulture (Fruits) + Dairy (2C+ 1-2 B), whereas the lowest net return was noticed in FS₃: Crop + Horticulture (Vegetables) + Dairy (1C + 1B). Load carrying through head load was found extensively performed by the women of FS3 followed by FS₄: Horticulture + Crop + Dairy (1C+1B) and FS₂ respectively. Chopper (hand tool) for chaff cutting, winnowing through natural wind, power operated winnowing without safety gadgets was performed in FS₄ (33%), FS3 (22.8%) and FS₄ (17%) respectively by family female workers. Threshing through hand beating was maximally performed by FS₂ (81%) as hired female labour. Work involvement in farming system studies shows that female workers (family and hired) of FS₃ contributed maximum (44.7%) followed by FS₁ (41.5%). Also, the women participation index on drudgery prone activities was found highest amongst female workers (family and hired) of FS₃ (87.8%) followed by FS₁ (83.21%). The results indicate that FS₃ may be tagged as sensitive farming system with respect to maximum number of female headed households contributing maximum work and hardships followed by FS₁.

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