DIETARY LAURIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IN LARGE WHITE YORKSHIRE CROSS PIGLETS AND ITS EFFECT ON PRODUCTION AND HEALTH
Abstract views: 8
/ 
PDF downloads: 6
Authors
-
G.G. Marsha
M.V.Sc Student, Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030
-
M. Venkateswarlu
Professor and University Head, Department of Animal Nutrition, CVSc, PVNRTVU, Korutla, Jagtial dist
-
G. Alexander
Associate Professor and Head, Department of Animal Nutrition, CVSc, PVNRTVU, Mamnoor, Warangal dist
-
M. Hanumanth Rao
Associate Professor and Head, Department of Poultry Science, CVSc, PVNRTVU, Mamnoor, Warangal dist
-
B. Ekambaram
Director of Research, PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad
-
S. Parashuramulu
Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science, PVNRTVU, Korutla,
Keywords:
Antibiotic, Digestibility, Faecal microflora, Growth, Lauric acid, PigletsAbstract
An experiment (97 days) was conducted to investigate the dietary lauric acid (LA) supplementation on performance, digestibility and faecal microflora counts in Large White Yorkshire cross piglets. A basal diet was (BD) prepared as a negative control without supplementation and a positive control with an antibiotic (chlortetracycline at 0.05%) supplementation (BDA). Another two diets were prepared by supplementing LA at 0.2 and 0.4% levels to the basal diet. Dietary inclusion of LA or antibiotic significantly (P<0.01) improved the body weight and feed efficiency and recorded highest (P<0.01) body weights with 0.4% LA, while lowest (P<0.01) weight gain with control group. Significantly higher FCR (P<0.01) was observed in LA fed animals and the lowest (P<0.01) was recorded in the BD and BDA groups. The improved (P<0.05) digestibility of organic matter, crude fiber, ether extract and nitrogen free extract was observed with 0.4% LA. The faecal total bacterial count and E.coli count were lowered (P<0.01) with LA supplementation, while highest count was observed in control group. Hence, it was concluded that, supplementation of LA at 0.2 to 0.4 % in the diets of LWY piglets showed increased weight gain, feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility by reducing faecal microflora count in LWY piglets.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, S.T., Hwang, J.A., Hoon, J., Mun, H.S. and Yang, C.J. (2014). Comparison of single and blend acidifiers as alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, faecal microflora, and humoral immunity in weaned piglets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 27(1): 93 - 100.
AOAC. (2012). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 19th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
Awad, W., Ghareeb, K. and Böhm, J.(2009). Intestinal structure and function of broiler chickens on diets supplemented with a synbiotic containing Enterococcus faecium and oligosaccharides. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 9(11): 2205 - 2216
Bailey, M., Haverson, K., Inman, C., Harris, C., Jones, P., Corfield, G. and Stokes, C. (2005). The development of the mucosal immune system pre- and post-weaning: Balancing regulatory and effector function. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 64(4): 451- 457.
Bergsson, G., Arnfinnsson, J., SteingrÍmsson, Ó. and Thormar, H. (2001). Killing of Gram‐positive cocci by fatty acids and monoglycerides Note. Apmis, 109(10): 670 - 678.
Bosi, P., Jung, H.J., Han, I.K., Perini, S., Cacciavillani, J.A., Casini, L. and Mattuzzi, S. (1999). Effects of dietary buffering characteristics and protected or unprotected acid on piglet growth, digestibility and characteristics of gut content. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 12(7): 1104 - 1110.
Castillo, M., Martín-Orúe, S.M., Roca, M., Manzanilla, E.G., Badiola, I., Perez, J.F. and Gasa, J. (2006). The response of gastrointestinal microbiota to avilamycin, butyrate, and plant extracts in early-weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 84(10): 2725 - 2734.
Chwen, L.T., Foo, H.L., Thanh, N.T. and Choe, D.W. (2013). Growth performance, plasma fatty acids, villous height and crypt depth of preweaning piglets fed with medium chain triacylglycerol. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 26(5): 700 - 704.
Devi, S.M., Lee, K.Y. and Kim, I.H. (2016). Analysis of the effect of dietary protected organic acid blend on lactating sows and their piglets. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 45(2): 39 -47.
Dibner, J.J. and Buttin, P. (2002). Use of organic acids as a model to study the impact of gut microflora on nutrition and metabolism. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 11(4): 453 - 463
Dayrit, F.M. (2015). The properties of lauric acid and their significance in coconut oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 92(1): 1 - 15.
Dierick, N.A., Decuypere, J.A. and Degeyter, I. (2003). The combined use of whole Cuphea seeds containing medium chain fatty acids and an exogenous lipase in piglet nutrition. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 57(1): 49 - 63.
Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11(1): 1- 42.
Dutta. S., Pan, S. and Samanta. G. (2015). Organic Acid as an alternative growth promoter in Ghungroo pigs. International Journal of Bio-resource, Environment and Agricultural Science, 1(4): 163 - 166.
Galbraith, H. and Miller, T.B. (1973). Effect of metal cations and pH on antibacterial activity and uptake of long chain fatty acids. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 36(4): 635 - 646.
Giesting, D.W. and Easter, R.A. (1985). Response of starter pigs to supplementation of corn-soyabean meal diets with organic acids. Journal of Animal Science, 60(5): 1288 - 1294.
Hanczakowska, E., Wiatkiewicz, M. and Hanc-Zakowski, P. (2010). Medium chain fatty acids as feed supplements for weaned piglets. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 66(5): 331 - 334.
Hanczakowska, E., Szewczyk, A. and Okoń, K. (2011). Caprylic, capric and/or fumaric acids as antibiotic replacements in piglet feed. Annals of Animal Science, 11: 115 - 124.
Hanczakowska, E., Szewczyk, A., Świątkiewicz, M. and Okoń, K. (2013). Short-and medium-chain fatty acids as a feed supplement for weaning and nursery pigs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 16(4): 647 - 654.
Hong, S.M., Hwang, J.H. and Kim, I.H. (2012). Effect of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics in weanling pigs. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 25(7): 1003 - 1008.
ICAR. (2013). Nutrient Requirements of Pig, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi, India.
Kuang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Song, Y., Zhang, X., Lin, Y. and Fang, Z. (2015). Effects of dietary combinations of organic acids and medium chain fatty acids as a replacement of zinc oxide on growth, digestibility and immunity of weaned pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 208: 145 - 157.
Kunavue, N. and Lien, T.F. (2012). Effects of fulvic acid and probiotic on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters and immunity of pigs. Journal of Animal Science Advances, 2(8): 711 - 721.
Lai, W.K., Yen, H.C., Lin, C.S. and Chiang, S.H. (2014). The effects of dietary medium-chain triacylglycerols on growth performance and intestinal microflora in young pigs. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 23(4): 331 - 336.
Li, Y., Zhang, H., Yang, L., Zhang, L. and Wang, T. (2015). Effect of medium chain triglycerides on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites and antioxidant capacity in weanling pigs. Animal Nutrition Journal, 1(1): 12 - 18.
Miller, T.L. and Wolin, M.J. (1974). A serum bottle modification of the Hungate technique for cultivating obligate anaerobes. Applied Microbiology, 27(5): 985 - 987.
Partanen, K.H. and Mroz, Z. (1999). Organic acids for performance enhancement in pig diets. Nutrition Research Reviews, 12(1): 117 - 145.
Price, K.L., Lin, X., Van Heugten, E., Odle, R., Willis, G. and Odle, J. (2013). Diet physical form, fatty acid chain length, and emulsification alter fat utilization and growth of newly weaned pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 91(2): 783 - 792.
Skřivanová, E., Marounek, M., Dlouha, G. and Kaňka, J. (2005). Susceptibility of Clostridium perfringes to C2- C18 fatty acids. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 41(1): 77- 81
Skřivanová, E., Molatová, Z., Skřivanová, V. and Marounek, M. (2009). Inhibitory activity of rabbit milk and medium-chain fatty acids against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O128. Veterinary Microbiology, 135(3-4): 358 - 362.
Schuster, G.S., Dirksen, T.R., Ciarlone, A.E., Burnett, G.W., Reynolds, M.T. and Lankford, M.T. (1980). Anticaries and anti-plaque potential of free-fatty acids in vitro and in vivo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics in Dentistry, 5(1-2): 25 - 33.
Sidossis, L.S., Stuart, C.A., Shulman, G.I., Lopaschuk, G.D. and Wolfe, R.R. (1996). Glucose plus insulin regulate fat oxidation by controlling the rate of fatty acid entry into the mitochondria. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 98(10): 2244 - 2250.
Sissons, J.W. (1989). Potential of probiotic organisms to prevent diarrhoea and promote digestion in farm animals- a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 49(1): 1 - 13.
Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G. (1980). Statistical Methods. Oxford and IBH Publishing Company, New Delhi. Tang, M., Laarveld, B., Van Kessel, A.G., Hamilton, D.L., Estrada, A. and Patience, J.F. (1999). Effect of segregated early weaning on post weaning small intestinal development in pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 77(12): 3191 - 3200.
Upadhaya, S.D., Lee, K.Y. and Kim, I. H. (2014). Influence of protected organic acid blends and diets with different nutrient densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs. Veterinarni Medicina, 59(10): 491 - 497.
Upadhaya, S.D., Lee, K.Y. and Kim, I.H. (2016). Effect of protected organic acid blends on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and faecal micro flora in growing pigs. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 44(1): 238 - 242.
Wang, Q., Chen, Y.J., Yoo, J.S., Kim, H.J., Cho, J.H. and Kim, I.H. (2008). Effects of supplemental humic substances on growth performance, blood characteristics and meat quality in finishing pigs. Livestock Science, 117(2-3): 270 - 274.
Yuhas, R., Pramuk, K. and Lien, E.L. (2006). Human milk fatty acid composition from nine countries varies most in DHA. Lipids, 41(9): 851 - 858.
Zhang, Z.F., Rolando, A.V. and Kim, I.H. (2016). Effects of benzoic acid, essential oils and Enterococcus faecium SF68 on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, faecal microbiota and faecal noxious gas emission in weanling pigs. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 44(1): 173 - 179.
Zeng, Z., Xu, X., Zhang, Q., Li, P., Zhao, P., Li, Q. and Piao, X. (2015). Effects of essential oil supplementation of a low‐energy diet on performance, intestinal morphology and microflora, immune properties and antioxidant activities in weaned pigs. Animal Science Journal, 86(3): 279 - 285.
Zentek, J., Buchheit-Renko, S., Männer, K., Pieper, R. and Vahjen, W. (2012). Intestinal concentrations of free and encapsulated dietary medium-chain fatty acids and effects on gastric microbial ecology and bacterial metabolic products in the digestive tract of piglets. Archives of Animal Nutrition, 66(1): 14 - 26.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
All the copy right belongs to the sponsoring Organization, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai - 51.