DELAYED ONSET NEUROPATHY ALONG WITH LARYNGEAL PARALYSIS -POLYNEUROPATHY COMPLEX DUE TO ORGANOPHOSPHATE POISONING - NEUROLOGICAL CASE REPORT IN A DOG

P.K. Ramkumar; M. Saravanan; R. Lakshmi; K. Karthika; D.T. Kaarthick; G. Manoj kumar

doi:10.56093/ijvasr.v53i5.162302

Authors

P.K. Ramkumar Assistant Professor, Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
M. Saravanan Assistant Professor and Head, Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
R. Lakshmi Assistant Professor, Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
K. Karthika Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
D.T. Kaarthick Assistant Professor, Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu
G. Manoj kumar Undergraduate Student, Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Orathanadu

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijvasr.v53i5.162302

Keywords:

Organophosphate poisoning, laryngeal paralysis, dog, acetylcholine esterase, atropine

Abstract

Organophosphates (OP) and carbamates are widely utilized insecticides, but they also pose significant risks as sources ofintoxicationfor both humans and animals. A male non-descript dog, seven years old was presented with a chronic respiratory distress, dysphonia, exercise intolerance, and neurologic signs to Veterinary Clinical Complex, VCRI, Orathanadu on April 2023. Physical examination revealed elevated rectal temperature and congested mucous membrane with elevated heart beat and respiratory rate. Thoracic auscultation revealed muffled heart sound. The dog's medical history indicated a potential case of organophosphate poisoning. Treatment involved administering atropine sulfate, normal saline, ceftriaxone, and furosemide. However, throughout the treatment process, the dog continued to experience upper respiratory stridor and dyspnoea. Clinical examination and radiographic observations confirmed the diagnosis of laryngeal paralysis. This case highlights the occurrence of laryngeal paralysis polyneuropathy complex in a canine affected by organophosphate poisoning.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bajgar, J. (2005). Laboratory diagnosis of organophosphates/nerve agent poisoning. Klinick Biochemiea Metabolismus, 13: 40 - 47.

Bemy, P., Caloni, F., Croubels, S., Sachana, M., Vandenbroucke, V., Davanzo, F. and Guitart, R. (2010). Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 2: companion animals. The Veterinary Journal, 183: 255 — 259.

Eddleston, M. (2020). Poisoning by pesticides. Medicine, 48: 214 - 217.

Griffiths, L.G., Sullivan, M. and Reid, S.W. (2001). A comparison of the effects of unilateral thyroarytenoid lateralization versus cricoarytenoid laryngoplasty on the area of the rima glottides and clinical outcome in dogs with laryngeal paralysis. Veterinary Surgery, 30: 359 - 65.

Indudharan, R., Win, M.N. and Noor, A.R. (1998). Laryngeal paralysis in organophosphorous poisoning, Journal of Laryngology and Otology, 112: 81 - 2.

Jackson, A.M., Tobias, K. and Long, C. (2004). Effects of various anaesthetic agents on laryngeal motion during laryngoscopy in normal dogs. Veterinary Surgery, 33: 102-106.

King, A.M., Cynthia, K. and Aaron, C.K. (2015). Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 33: 133-51.

Klainbart, S., Grabemik, M., Kelmer, E., Chai, O., Cuneah, O., Segev, G. and Aroch. (2019). Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of acute organophosphate or carbamate intoxication in 102 dogs: A retrospective study. Veterinary Journal, 251: 105 - 349.

Lockridge, O. (2015). Review of human butyrylcholinesterase structure, function, genetic variants, history of use in the clinic, and potential therapeutic uses. Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 148: 34 - 46.

Luiz Felipe, R., Vasconcellos, Leitel, A.C., Osvaldo, J.M. and Nascimento. (2002). Organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 60: 1003 -1007.

Millard, R. and Tobias, K. (2009). Laryngeal Paralysis in Dogs., DVM, MS, DACVS Compendium continuing education for veterinarians, 31: 212 -9.

Miller, C.J., McKiernan, B.C., Pace, J. and Fettman, M.J. (2002). The effects of doxapram hydrochloride (Dopram-V) on laryngeal function in healthy dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 16: 524 - 2002.

Mohammadi, A.B., Nahandi, M.Z., Raad, N., Javani, S. and Gharekhani, A. (2018). Evaluation of Pralidoxime use in an Iranian teaching referral hospital. Pharmaceutical Science, 24: 79 - 82.

Saravanan, M., Montal, D.B., Sarma, K., Mahendran, K., Vijayakumar, H. and Sasikala, V. (2014). Comprehensive study of haemato-biochemical, ascetic fluid analysis and ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ascites due to hepatobiliary disorders in dog. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 84: 503 -506.

Tobias, K., Jackson, A.M. and Harvey, R.C. (2004). Effects of doxapram HC1 on laryngeal function of normal dogs and dogs with naturally occurring laryngeal paralysis. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 31: 258 -263.

Vale, A. and Lotti, M. (2015). Organophosphorus and carbamate insecticide poisoning. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 131: 149 - 68.

Vimalraj, E., Bhuvaneswari, T. and Arulkumar, S. (2022). Organophosphorus compound poisoning postmortem findings in a dog and its veterolegal approach. The Pharma Innovation, 11: 830 - 832.

Zafar, R., Munawar, K., Nasrullah, A., Haq, S., Ghazanfar, H., Sheikh, A.B. and Khan, A.Y. (2017). Acute renal failure due to organophosphate poisoning: a case report. Cureus, 9: el523.