Patulin and citrinin production in apple and pear fruits by Penicillium expansum strains collected from Jammu
224 / 177
Authors
-
YASHPAUL SINGH and GEETA SUMBALI*
Abstract
An investigation was conducted to elucidate differential toxigenic behaviour of Penicillium expansum strains towards various cultivar varieties of pome fruits viz., apple and pear. One hundred and six isolates of P. expansum strains (77 from infected apples and 29 from infected pears) were isolated and screened against respective host cultivars. Thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that 58.4 percent of the P. expansum strains obtained from diseased apples were positive for both citrinin and patulin production, whereas 15.6 percent produced only citrinin, 22.1 percent produced patulin alone and 3.9 percent were atoxigenic. These toxigenic strains produced variable amount of patulin (14.75-40.08 mg/kg) and citrinin (0.10-8.04 mg/kg) in the infected fruits of various apple cultivars. In contrast, pears were found to be infected with only 24 percent toxigenic P. expansum strains that were positive for both citrinin and patulin production, whereas 37.9 percent were positive for only citrinin, 24.1 percent produced only patulin and 13.8 percent were atoxigenic. The level of patulin and citrinin produced by the toxigenic strains in pear cultivars ranged from 11.75-67.50 mg/kg and 0.06-7.02 mg/kg respectively. HPLC analysis of patulin from healthy area surrounding the P. expansum rotten area in apples was performed and it was noted that this mycotoxin could migrate to the surrounding non-rotted area in large amount (0.65 to 22.75 mg/kg). These high values show that even the surrounding non-rotted areas of apples heavily infected with blue mold are not fit for consumption.
Downloads
Issue
Section
License
For Authors
As soon as an article is accepted for publication, authors are requested to assign copyright of the article (or to grant exclusive publication and dissemination rights) to the publisher (Indian Phytopathlogical Society). This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information.
For Readers
While the advice and information in this journal is believed to be true and accurate at the date of its publication, the authors, the editors, nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.
All articles published in this journal are protected by copyright, which covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article (e.g., as offprints), as well as all translation rights. No material published in this journal may be reproduced photographically or stored on microfilm, in electronic data bases, on video disks, etc., without first obtaining written permission from the publisher. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc. in this publication, even if not specifically identified, implies that these names are protected by the relevant laws and regulations.