Effect of pre-harvest spray of fungicides and botanicals on storage diseases of onion
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Authors
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K. RAJU and M.K. NAIK*
Keywords:
Aspergillus niger, black mold, Penicillium digitatum, blue mold, pre-harvest spray, disease reductionAbstract
Aspergillus niger Van Tieghem and Penicillium digitatum Sacc, are the predominant fungal pathogens associated with storage diseases of onion (Allium cepa L.) causing black and blue mold respectively. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of pre-harvest spray of fungicides and botanicals on post harvest diseases. Onion plants were sprayed with systemic, non-systemic fungicides and botanicals at 30, 20 and 10 days before harvest with a control (water spray). The harvested bulbs were artificially inoculated with A. niger and P. digitatum following pinprick method and stored for three months under ambient condition (27±10 C). Percent disease reduction over control were recorded at fortnightly interval. Against black mold, carbendazim 0.1% (Bavistin) recorded maximum of 93.20 percent reduction in disease 15 days after storage (DAS) and 56.91 percent at 90 DAS. SAFF and benomyl (Benlate) provided complete protection against blue mold till 15 DAS, but after 90 DAS, they showed 75.54 and 73.57 percent control respectively. Pongamia oil gave the least reduction of 0.58 and 8.19 percent against black mold and blue mold respectively. However, the disease incidence increased with increase in duration of storage irrespective of the treatments.
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