Detection of viroid infecting chrysanthemum in India
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Authors
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SHALLY MATHUR, A.P. GARG and PADMA RAMACHANDRAN
Keywords:
Chrysanthemum stunt viroid, Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid, detection, R-PAGEAbstract
In a survey of ornamental plants conducted in fields of IARI and some private nurseries in New Delhi, a large number of chrysanthemum plants were found showing symptoms of mild chlorosis on young leaves, stunting and delayed flowering. Electron microscopic' observations from infected leaves did not reveal the presence of virus particles. R-PAGE analysis of total nucleic acid extracts from symptomatic leaves from plants grown by cuttings, revealed the presence of RNA band while such a band was absent from healthy samples. The viroid nature of the RNA was confirmed by its similarity in electrophoretic mobility to potato spindle tuber viroid, resistance to high temperature and DNase but high sensitivity to RNase treatment. The nucleic acid extract from infected tomato cv. Rutgers, calendula and cineraria produced symptoms of leaf epinasty, veinal chlorosis and stunting in inoculated plants. Re-extraction of nucleic acid from inoculated tomato, cineraria and calendula leaves and its R-PAGE analysis showed the presence of RNA bands. Similar bands were also observed from nucleic acid extracts of young seedlings raised from chrysanthemum seeds collected from infected plants. The present report constitutes the first molecular evidence for natural occurrence of a viroid infection on chrysanthemum in India.
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