Role of chitinases in Pseudomonas spp. induced systemic resistance against Colletotrichum falcatum in sugarcane
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Authors
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R. VISWANATHAN1 and R. SAMIYAPPAN2*
1. Plant Pathology Section, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641 007
2. Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003
Keywords:
Sugarcane, red rot, Pseudomonas spp., induced resistance, chitinasesAbstract
Strains of Pseudomonas spp. native to sugarcane rhizosphere were isolated and talc based formulation was prepared. The efficient bacterial strains KKMI (P. putida) and YPT4 (P. fluorescensi we~e found inducing systemic resistance in sugarcane cultivar CoC 671, susceptible to red rot disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum falcatum: SeU treatment with bacterial strains induces higher accumulation of chitinase in the germinating settlings. In matured crop, soil application of Pseudomonas sp. strains induces chitinase activity systemically in sugarcane stalk tissues. Pathogen inoculation in the stalk tissues showed multifold increase in chitinase activity in the Pseudomonas treated canes whereas, in the Pseudomonas untreated canes the increase was less after pathogen inoculation. Western blot analysis revealed induction of 18 kDa chitinase in the stalk tissues in response to Pseudomonas treatment or C. falcalum inoculation. However, in the Pseudomonas treated canes challenge inoculation of C. falcatum revealed induction of four new chitinase isoforms with molecular weight of 12, 34.5, 53.5 and 63 kDa, whereas, the control plants showed none of the chitinases after pathogen inoculation. Induction of new chitinases in the Pseudomonas treated sugarcane in response to C. falcatum infection indicates that the induced chitinases have a definite role in suppressing the disease development in the stalk tissues.
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