Management of stem rot of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii through Trichoderma harzianum
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Authors
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KAJAL KUMAR BISWAS* and CHITRESWAR SEN
Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohonpur 741 252
Keywords:
l3iocontrol, S. rolfsii, T. harzianum, stem rot, groundnut, pelleting, delivery systemAbstract
In dual culture of 11 isolates of Trichoderma harzianum, three isolates, viz. T8, T10 and T2, were effective against Sclerotium rolfsii [Corticium rolfsii], the causal agent of stem rot of groundnut, and they overgrew the pathogen up to 92, 85 and 79%, respectively, in vitro. T8 and T10 isolates reduced stem rot incidence significantly when delivered as seed dressing or soil application in pot trials. Disease reduction through seed dressing was 33-50% over control and through direct soil application it was up to 72-83%. Spores of T8 and T10 isolates showed better longevity after 13 weeks (1.3 x 103 cfu/seed) and up to 15 weeks (1.0 x 104 cfu/seed), respectively, when the seeds coated with spores were dipped in 2% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) andpelleted with bentonite at 25 g/kg seed. The maximum population was recorded at 30 day after storing (T8 = 3.5 x 106 and T10 = 20.2 x 106). On seed coated with Trichoderma spores infused with 2% CMC and then pelleted with a mixture of Jalshakti (a water-absorbing polymer) at 100 g/kg and bentonite at 25 g/kg seed, Trichoderma remained viable only up to 11 weeks. The spores remained viable only up to 9 weeks of storage at room temperature on seeds when the seeds were coated with biocontrol agent by rolling seeds on a colony of Trichoderma in Petri dishes.
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