Screening of higher plants for fungitoxicity against Rhizoctonia solani in vitro
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Authors
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V. KURUCHEVE, J. GERARD EZHILAN and J. JAYARAJ
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002
Keywords:
Plant extracts, Rhizoctonia solani, in vitro growthAbstract
Thirteen plant species were screened in vitro for fungitoxicity against R. solani, the causal agent of sheath blight of paddy rice. Fresh leaf samples of Allium cepa, Azadirachta indica, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Eucalyptus globulus, Calotropis gigantea, Ipomoea carnia [I. carnea], Lawsonia inermis, Ocimum sanctum [O. tenuiflorum], Parthenium hysterophorus, Piper betel [P. betle], Pongamia glabra [P. pinnata], Prosopis juliflora and Thevetia peruviana were collected and cold and hot water extracts were prepared. The maximum inhibition of mycelial growth was observed with the cold water extract of P. juliflora followed by T. peruviana. With hot water extraction, T. peruviana was the most fungitoxic followed by P. juliflora. Complete inhibition of sclerotial production was recorded with the cold water extracts of C. pulcherrima, E. globulus and L. inermis and in the hot water extracts of C. gigantea, O. sanctum and P. juliflora at all the concentrations tested (2.5, 5 and 10%). The fungitoxicity ofC. pulcherrima and E. globulus was not lost even after air drying or autoclaving. All the plant extracts tested maintained their fungitoxicity following thermal treatment at 70deg C for 10 minutes.
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