Effect of Nutrient Management and Rice Establishment Methods on Biochemical and Physiological Attributes, Yield and Economics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Rice-Groundnut Cropping System in Coastal Odisha


Keywords:
Chlorophyll, Dry matter partitioning, Economics, Nutrient management, Rice establishment, YieldAbstract
A field experiment was conducted during 2019-20 and 2020-21 to study the effect of nutrient management and rice establishment methods on biochemical, physiological attributes, yield and economics of rice in rice–groundnut cropping system in coastal Odisha. The experimental field was laid out in factorial randomised block design during Kharif and in split-plot design during Rabi with three replications. Six treatment combinations comprising two rice establishment methods viz., direct seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted rice (TPR) and three nutrient management practices, viz., inorganic source, organic source and integrated nutrient management (INM) in rice during Kharif were allotted to the main-plots. Three nutrient management practices to groundnut viz., 75% soil test based fertiliser, STBF (inorganic), 100% STBF (inorganic) and INM during Rabi were allotted to the sub-plots. The results of the study revealed that DSR recorded significantly higher plant height, tillers m-2, leaf temperature, net returns (Rs. 39121 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.68). The TPR was superior in terms of total chlorophyll content, dry matter production, panicles m-2, panicle weight, grains panicle-1, 1000-seed weight, leaf area index (LAI), light transmission ratio (LTR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) resulting in yield improvement of 3.3% over DSR. The INM practice was superior to other nutrient management approaches in total chlorophyll content, dry matter production and its partitioning into panicle (62.5%), panicles m-2, grains panicle-1, 1000-seed weight, LAI and leaf temperature, which resulted in 13.3 and 15.2% higher grain yield than inorganic and organic source of nutrient management, respectively. The INM treatment also recorded higher plant height, tillers m-2, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), relative growth rate (RGR), net returns (Rs. 56246 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.89). Organic sources recorded higher NAR, RGR, panicle weight, but had the lowest dry matter accumulation and net returns.
References
Arnon, D.I. (1449). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, polyphenoxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24: 1-15.
Awan, I.U., Jaskani, A.G. and Nadeem, M.A. (2000). Nitrogen use efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) as affected by green manuring plant Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeate L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3(11): 1827-1828.
Bandyopadhyay, K.K., Sarangi, A., Kumar, R.D. and Singh, D.K. (2019). Effect of puddling and direct sowing of rice on soil physical health and water productivity of rice-wheat cropping system under different irrigation regimes. Journal of Indian Society of Soil Science 67(2): 160–173.
Bastola, A. (2020). A review on effect of establishment methods on growth, yield and yield attributes of rice and on succeeding crops after rice. International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 7(6): 134-139.
Bohra, J.S. and Kumar, R. (2015). Effect of crop establishment methods on productivity, profitability and energetics of rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 85(2): 217-223.
DA & FP. (2018). Odisha Agriculture Statistics 2017-18. Directorate of Agriculture and Food Production, Govt of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha.
Das, P., Gulati, J.M.L., Pattanayak, S. and Jena, S.N. (2015). Leaf area index, flag leaf characters, chlorophyll content and yield of rice genotypes under various establishment methods. Oryza 52(4): 292-296.
Deep, M., Kumar, R.M and Saha, S. (2018). Rice-based cropping systems for enhancing productivity of food grains in India: Decadal experience of AICRP. Indian Farming 68(01): 27–30.
DES. (2020). Pocket Book of Agricultural Statistics 2020, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, India.
FAO. (2018). The State of Food and Agriculture. FAO, Rome, Italy.
Ghosh, M., Ashiq, W., Bhogilal, Vasava, H., Gamage, D.N.V., Patra, P.K. and Biswas, A. (2021). Short-term carbon sequestration and changes of soil organic carbon pools in rice under integrated nutrient management in India. Agriculture 11(4): 348.
Gomez, K.A. and Gomez, A.A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. Willey Inter Science, New York, USA. pp 76-83.
Jackson, M.L. (1973). Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, India
Kamble, B.M., Kathmale, D.K. and Rathod, S.D. (2018). Soil nutrient status, uptake, yield and economics of groundnut-wheat cropping sequence as influenced by organic sources and fertilizers. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science 66: 66-75.
Kumari, N., Pal, S.K., Barla, S. and Singh, C.S. (2014). Impact of organic nutrient management on dry matter partitioning, growth and productivity of scented rice. Oryza 51(1): 48-54.
Mankotia, B.S. (2007). Effect of fertiliser application with farmyard manure and in situ green manures in standing rice-wheat cropping system. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 77(8): 512-514.
Mondal, R., Goswami, S., Mandi, S.K. and Goswami, S.B. (2019). Quality seed production of rice (Oryza sativa L.) as influenced by nutrient management during Kharif season in the lower Indo-Gangetic plains. Environment and Ecology 37(1A): 274-280.
Pandey, M.K., Verma, A., Sirmaur, A. and Dwivedi, A. (2018). Study the effect of different rice establishment techniques crop growth, yield and energy assessment and water productivity in rainfed conditions. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7(1): 501-505.
Parasuraman, P. (2005). Integrated nitrogen management in rice (Oryza sativa) through split application of fertilisers at different levels with green manure. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences 39(1): 90-94.
Patil, D.B., Pawar, P.P., Wadile, S.C., Patil and H.M. (2017). Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of kharif groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food Science 1(1): 21-23.
Patra, A.K., Garnayak, L.M., Mishra, K.N., Mohanty, T.R., Mohapatra, B.K. and Swain, S.K. (2019). Balanced fertilization in rice (Oryza sativa) - groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) cropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy 64(3): 293-297.
Radford, P.J. (1967). Growth analysis formulae: Their use and abuse. Crop Science 7: 171-175.
Ravikumar, C., Karthikeyan, A., Senthilvalavan, P. and Manivannan, R. (2021). Integrated nutrient management - promising way to reduce carbon dioxide and methane emission in flooded rice ecosystem: A review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13(1): 385-395.
Sarangi, S.K., Maji, B., Mandal, U. K., Mandal, S. and Sharma, P.C. (2017). Effect of establishment methods in rainy season (Kharif) and tillage practices in winter season (Rabi) on yield and economics of rice (Oryza sativa) - maize (Zea mays) cropping system under coastal saline ecosystem. Indian Journal of Agronomy 62(4): 407-416.
Singh, A.K. (2013). Impact of integrated nutrient management on growth parameters, physiological characteristics, yield and yield attributes of hybrid rice. Journal of Soil and Crops 23(2): 259-263.
Singh, R., Prasad, K. and Singh, D.K. (2006). Effect of soil conditioners and fertilizer doses on yield and yield attributes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in rice - wheat sequence. Crop Research 31(3): 343-345.
Suryawanshi, P.K., Pagar, V.D., Kumbhar, N.M. and Sadhu, A.C. (2019). Yield, quality and nutrient status of soil under different integrated nitrogen management practices in wheat (Triticum aestivum) - forage cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cropping sequence. Indian Journal of Agronomy 64(4): 445-449.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research (ISCAR)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in the Journal of the Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research lies with the Indian Society of Coastal Agricultural Research (ISCAR), who has the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad engaged in reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information contained in the journal. However, ISCAR supports open access and there is no restriction in the use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that it is not being used for commercial purposes and due credit is given to ISCAR.