Evaluation of the APSIM Model in Rice-Lentil Cropping System in a Complex Coastal Saline Environment

SUKAMAL SARKAR; DONALD S. GAYDON; SAIKAT DEY; APURBO KUMAR  CHAKI; KOUSHIK BRAHMACHARI; ANANNYA DHAR; SOURAV  GARAI; MOHAMMED  MAINUDDIN

doi:10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.146243

Authors

SUKAMAL SARKAR Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur - 700 103, West Bengal, India
DONALD S. GAYDON CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, QLD - 4067, Australia
SAIKAT DEY Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur - 700 103, West Bengal, India
APURBO KUMAR CHAKI Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh
KOUSHIK BRAHMACHARI Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur - 741 252, West Bengal, India
ANANNYA DHAR Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur - 700 103, West Bengal, India
SOURAV GARAI Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur - 700 103, West Bengal, India
MOHAMMED MAINUDDIN CSIRO Environment, Canberra, ACT - 2601, Australia

https://doi.org/10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.146243

Keywords:

APSIM, Cropping system, Lentil, Rice, Salinity, Shallow Water Table

Abstract

Coastal ecosystems face numerous constraints, including erratic rainfall distribution, seawater intrusion, water stagnation with saline water, seasonal escalation of soil salinity, fluctuations in groundwater table depth, and variable moisture availability in the crop rhizosphere. While rice in the Kharif season navigates these challenges with the aid of monsoon rains, for reliable crop yield and productivity, crops in the Rabi season encounter multiple limitations due to low and variable rainfall. The shallow groundwater and surface drying drive the upward movement of salts into the root zone which coupled with soil drying and waterlogging events cause severe constraints for winter cropping. The spatial and temporal variability of these processes creates a complex interplay of climatic and soil factors with crop performance. A model-based crop simulation approach can help to resolve such complex interactions. In this study, we under took the parameterization, calibration, and validation of the APSIM-Oryza and APSIM-Lentil models to simulate diverse experimental treatments within a rice-pulse cropping system across two seasons in the southern part of West Bengal, India. The model predicted observed biomass and grain yield well for both rice and lentil crops in the cropping system, with high coefficients of determination and acceptable RMSE values. Similarly simulated values for phenology, biomass, yield of both rice grain: RMSE = 331 [SD_obs = 401] and 193 [SD_obs = 203]; biomass: RMSE = 431 [SD_obs = 743] and 465 [SD_obs = 683]), and lentil (grain: RMSE = 79.1 [SD_obs = 64] and 192 [SD_obs = 237]; biomass: RMSE = 50.4 [SD_obs= 47] and 222 [SD_{obs =}124] ) respectively), and water use efficiency across various irrigation and salinity levels for lentil and rice exhibited satisfactory accuracy and precision. This validated model has the potential for predicting climate change scenarios and assessing agronomic impacts and adaptations in coastal saline regions. Considering the pivotal role of winter legume crops in soil fertility, income, and food security, the APSIM-Lentil model can be further used for developing resilient and sustainable practices in the face of complex environmental challenges.

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