Optimizing Sowing Date for Growth, Yield and Quality of Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars in Southern Coastal Region of Bangladesh

SHAMIMA  AKTHER; A.K. HASAN; R.W.        BELL; MD. ABDUL  KADER; MD. AFZAL  HOSSEN; MOHAMMED  MAINUDDIN; KHOKAN KUMER  SARKER

doi:10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.146853

Authors

SHAMIMA AKTHER Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh
A.K. HASAN Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh
R.W. BELL Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems, Future Food Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA - 6150, Australia
MD. ABDUL KADER Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh - 2202, Bangladesh
MD. AFZAL HOSSEN Ministry of Land, Dhaka - 1000, Bangladesh
MOHAMMED MAINUDDIN CSIRO Environment, Canberra, ACT - 2601, Australia
KHOKAN KUMER SARKER Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh

https://doi.org/10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.146853

Keywords:

Coastal region, Grain yield, Maize varieties, Sowing date, Yield attributes

Abstract

In most of the coastal areas of the Ganges Delta, the land remains fallow in Rabi season as the slow drying process after harvest of transplanted aman (T. aman) rice increases the risks for obtaining low crop yields because of delayed sowing. Early sowing of dry season (Rabi) crops in this area is predicted to give higher yield than the current late sown condition because of more favourable temperature, soil water and less soil salinity stresses. The experiments were conducted during the Rabi seasons (December-May) of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 in the Dacope Upazila of Khulna district to investigate the effect of sowing date and variety on yield attributes and yield of maize. The experiment comprised four sowing dates viz., 15 December, 30 December, 15 January and 30 January and three cultivars viz., BARI hybrid maize-16, Sunshine and NK 40. The highest plants (161 cm) with most leaves plant^-1(15.6) was found at the 15 December sowing with the cv. Sunshine. The maximum number of rows cob^-1 (16.2), kernel row^-1(35.9), 100-grain weight (38.6 g), grain and stover yield (7.73 t ha^-1 and 11.4 t ha^-1, respectively) and the highest carbohydrate content (78.3%), was recorded from the 15 December sowing with the cv. BARI hybrid maize-16. The maximum protein content was recorded from 15 December sowing with NK 40 (9.10%). The lowest plant height, rows cob^-1, kernel row^-1, 100 grain weight, grain yield and stover yield was obtained from late sowing (30 January) with NK 40. Early sowing (15 December) with BARI hybrid maize-16 improves yield and quality of maize than late sowing condition in the coastal region of Bangladesh.

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