Intercropping of Sesame with Mungbean Increased System Productivity and Farm Profit in Coastal Region of Bangladesh

MD. MAINUL  ISLAM; TASLIMA  ZAHAN; KAZI NAZRUL  ISLAM; PRIYANKA  CHAKRABORTI; APURBO KUMAR  CHAKI; MD. FARUQUE  HOSSAIN; MD. SHAHIDUL ISLAM  KHAN

doi:10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.147524

Authors

MD. MAINUL ISLAM On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Patuakhali - 8600, Bangladesh
TASLIMA ZAHAN On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Patuakhali - 8600, Bangladesh
KAZI NAZRUL ISLAM On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Patuakhali - 8600, Bangladesh
PRIYANKA CHAKRABORTI On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Patuakhali - 8600, Bangladesh
APURBO KUMAR CHAKI On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh
MD. FARUQUE HOSSAIN On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur - 1701, Bangladesh
MD. SHAHIDUL ISLAM KHAN On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Patuakhali - 8600, Bangladesh

https://doi.org/10.54894/JISCAR.42.1.2024.147524

Keywords:

Coastal cropping, Intercropping, Mungbean, Productivity, Sesame

Abstract

Intercropping is an innovative and sustainable classic agricultural practice that can strengthen and stabilize agro-ecosystems under changing climate through optimizing resource use efficiency and enhancing productivity by cropping diversity. The experiment was conducted at Kuakata, Patuakhali and Amtali, Borguna villages during winter (Rabi) seasons of 2020-21 and 2021-22 to determine the yield and profitability for intercropping of mungbean and sesame on coastal saline soils. Four combinations viz., T₁= 100% mungbean sown in rows (30 cm × 5 cm) + broadcasting of sesame at 50% of recommended seed rate, T₂ = 100% mungbean in rows (30 cm × 5 cm) + broadcasting of sesame at 25% of the recommended seed rate, T₃= sole crop of mungbean in row (30 cm × 5 cm) (100% mungbean) and T₄ = Sole crop of sesame in row (30 cm x 5 cm) (100% sesame) were evaluated at each location. Sole mungbean and sesame offered higher yields than each crop in the intercropping combinations at both locations. Intercropping increased mungbean equivalent yield (MEY) and land equivalent ratio (LER) compared to sole cropping. Over the locations, the highest MEY (2.33 t ha^-1), LER (2.09), and benefit: cost ratio (1.88) were obtained from T₁ (100% mungbean in rows of 30 cm × 5 cm + 50% sesame by broadcasting). However, mungbean yield was higher in the plots of intercropped 100% mungbean sown in rows (30 cm × 5 cm) with broadcasted 25% sesame seeds (T₂: 1.65-1.69 t ha^-1 compared to the intercropping with 50% broadcasted sesame seeds (T₁: 1.24-1.25 t ha^-1). In the case of sesame intercropping, 50% seeding rate (T₁) offered a higher seed yield over 25% seeding rate (T₂). Therefore, intercropping of sesame with mungbean (100% mungbean sown in rows (30 cm × 5 cm) + broadcasting of sesame at 50% of recommended seed rate) could be an excellent option for increasing system productivity and income for coastal farmers of Bangladesh.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anjaneyulu, V.R., Singh, S.P. and Pal, M. (1982). Effect of competition-free period and technique and pattern of pearl millet planting on growth and yield of mungbean and total productivity in solid pearlmillet and pearlmillet and pearlmillet/mungbean intercropping system. Indian Journal of Agronomy 27(3): 219-226.

Azad, A.K., Wahab, M.A., Saha, M.G., Nessa, Z., Rahman, M.L., Rahman, M.H.H. and Al-Amin. M. (2019). Krishi Projukti Hatboi (Handbook on Agro-Technology), Eightn edition, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. pp 74-99.

Beets, W.C. (1990). Raising and Sustaining Productivity of Smallholder Farming Systems in the Tropics: A Handbook of Sustainable Agricultural Development, AgBe Publishing, Alkmaar, Holland. 738 p.

Choudhary, H.R., Sharma, O.P., Yadav, L.R. and Choudhary, G.L. (2011). Effect of organic sources and chemical fertilizers on productivity of mungbean. Journal of Food Legumes 24(4): 326-328.

Dhima, K., Lithourgidis, A., Vasilakoglou, J. and Dordas, C. (2007). Competition indices of common vetch and cereal intercrops in two seeding ratio. Field Crops Research 100(2-3): 249-256.

Ghosh, P.K. (2004). Growth, yield, competition and economics of groundnut/cereal fodder intercropping systems in semi-arid tropics. Field Crops Research 88: 227-237.

Launay, M., Brisson, N., Satger, S., Hauggaard-Nielsen, H., Corre-Hellou, G., Kasynova, E. and Gooding, M.J. (2009). Exploring options for managing strategies for pea–barley intercropping using a modeling approach. European Journal of Agronomy 31(2): 85-98.

Matusso, J.M.M., Mugwe, J.N., and Mucheru-Muna, M. (2014). Potential role of cereal-legume intercropping systems in integrated soil fertility management in smallholder farming systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. Research Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Management 3(3): 162-174.

Moseley, W.G. (1994). An equation for the replacement value of agroforestry. Agroforestry Systems 26: 47-52.

Mucheru-Muna, M., Pypers, P., Mugendi, D., Kung’u, J., Mugwe, J., Merckx, R. and Vanlauwe, B. (2010). A staggered maize-legume intercrop arrangement robustly increases crop yields and economic returns in the highlands of Central Kenya. Field Crops Research 115(2): 132-139.

Paoline, R., Caporali, F. and Campiglia, E. (1988). Intercropping Part II Modification to the cultural environment. Rivista de Agronomica 22: 243-257.

Rao, M.R. and Singh, M. (1990). Productivity and risk evolution in contrasting intercropping systems. Field Crop Research 23: 279-293

Sanginga, N. and Woomer, P.L. (2009). Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Africa: Principles, Practices and Developmental Process. Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi, Kenya, Africa. 263 p.

Tsubo, M., Mukhala, E., Ogindo, H.O. and Walker, S. (2003). Productivity of maize-bean intercropping in a semi-arid region of South Africa. Water Sa 29(4): 381-388.

Vandermeer, J. (1989). The Ecology of Intercropping, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA.

Vesterager, J.M., Nielsen, N.E. and Høgh-Jensen, H. (2008). Effects of cropping history and phosphorus source on yield and nitrogen fixation in sole and intercropped cowpea–maize systems. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 80: 61-73.

Willey, R.W. (1981). A scientific approach to intercropping research. Proceedings International Workshop on Intercropping, 10-13 January, 1979, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. pp 4-14.

Xie, J., Wang, L., Li, L., Anwar, S., Luo, Z., Zechariah, E. and Kwami Fudjoe, S. (2021). Yield, economic beneﬁt, soil water balance, and water use efﬁciency of intercropped maize/potato in responses to mulching practices on the semiarid loess plateau. Agriculture 11(11): 1100. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111100.