Analysis of Callus Generated Somoclonal Variation in Proso Millet (Pannicum milliaceum L.) Through Molecular Markers

Abstract

Analysis of somaclonal variation by molecular markers allows precise varietal characterization. In this study, somaclonal variation of two local cultivars of proso millet was developed through callus culture and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were used to detect somaclonal variation within somaclones and between somaclones and their parent cultivar since these markers are more reliable and detect the polymorphism at individual level. Thirteen ISSR primers were used per cultivar which has generated a total of 158 alleles in Sakhroli while 170 alleles in Asond cultivar with an average of 12 and 13 alleles in Sakhroli and Asond cultivar, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) in Sakhroli cultivar ranged from 0.14 to 0.88 with an average of 0.50 while in Asond cultivar, it was ranged from 0.39 to 0.89 with an average of 0.69 The unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA) grouped 22 somaclones with their control parent of Sakhroli cultivar into two main clusters which were further divided into two subclusters. Similarly, UPGMA grouped 16 somaclones with its control parent of Asond cultivar into two main clusters which were further divided into two sub-clusters.