A Review on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Livestock Conservation: Advances, Applications and Future Perspectives


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Authors

  • Dr Monika Saini ICAR_NBAGR Author
  • Rekha Sharma ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal - 132001, Haryana Author
  • K. N. Raja ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal - 132001, Haryana Author
  • N. H. Mohan ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal - 132001, Haryana Author
  • Shalini Yadav ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal - 132001, Haryana Author
  • Suniti ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal - 132001, Haryana Author

Keywords:

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, BioBanking of Livestock, Cryopreservation, Embryo Models, Synthetic Embryos, Livestock biodiversity, Livestock Genebank

Abstract

Conservation of threatened and endangered species requires maintaining viable populations with sufficient genetic diversity. Recent advances in reproductive biotechnology, particularly the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from cryopreserved somatic cells, offer transformative opportunities for conservation. Global biobanking efforts have created extensive repositories of tissues and cells that can be reprogrammed into iPSCs and expanded indefinitely, providing a renewable platform for multi-omics research, genetic resource preservation, and potential production of live offspring. Emerging technologies such as in vitro gametogenesis (IVG) and stem cell-derived embryo models (SCBEM) offer routes to generating functional gametes and embryos entirely in vitro, enabling scalable assisted reproduction, embryo transfer, and enhanced cryobanking strategies. Major challenges remain, including preserving genomic integrity across generations, developing species-specific reprogramming and culture protocols, and achieving robust germline competency. This review evaluates the current state of iPSC-based approaches for livestock conservation, discusses technical and ethical hurdles, and highlights critical research priorities to translate stem cell technologies into practical tools for preserving genetic diversity in endangered and threatened livestock species.

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2026-07-31

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2026-09-18

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Saini, M., Rekha Sharma, K. N. Raja, N. H. Mohan, Shalini Yadav, & Suniti. (2026). A Review on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Livestock Conservation: Advances, Applications and Future Perspectives. Journal of Livestock Biodiversity, 15(1). https://epubs.icar.org.in/index.php/JLB/article/view/182163