Impact of Organic and Inorganic Amendments on Microbiological and Chemical Properties and their Relationship with Rice Productivity in an Alkali Soil of Southern India
Impact of organic and inorganic amendments
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Authors
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Hari Mohan Meena
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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HC Prakasha
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Keywords:
Alkali soil, Enzyme actvity, Gypsum, Pressmud, Microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, Soil test value-based fertilizers application, YieldAbstract
Soil alkalinity has a detrimental effect on agricultural sustainability and soil health. This experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the impact of both organic and inorganic amendments on reclamations and the enhancement of the alkali soil health in Karnataka, India. A randomized complete block design with seven treatments and three replications was used to set up the experiment. When pressmud was used in conjunction with soil test value-based fertilizer application (STV) + farmyard manure (FYM) + ZnSO4 instead of other integrated treatments, rice grain yield was significantly improved. The use of pressmud and gypsum in conjunction with STV + FYM + ZnSO4 decreased the soil pH values to 7.78 and 7.88, respectively compared to RDF + FYM + ZnSO4 (8.36) and increased soil organic carbon, and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (p≤ 0.05). Exchangeable Na and ESP decreased by 20.2 and 43.5 % in STV + pressmud + FYM + ZnSO4 than RDF + FYM + ZnSO4. When comparing STV + pressmud + FYM + ZnSO4 to RDF + FYM + ZnSO4, the increases in soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), dehydrogenase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activity were 7.1, 28.1, 19.3, 18.5, and 25.3%, respectively. The pH, exchangeable Na and exchangeable sodium percent (ESP) were negatively correlated with SMBC, SMBN, alkaline phosphatase and available nutrients after the harvest of rice and residual dhaincha crop. The results suggested that the addition of pressmud in combination with FYM significantly decreased the pH, exchangeable Na and ESP, and improved soil biological properties.
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