Therapeutic Applications of Squalene - A Review

Abstract

 

  The article gives an overview of squalene, a naturally occurring antioxidant and its medical applications for human beings. The sources and properties of squalene and its occurrence in human beings are discussed. Deep sea sharks belonging to the family squalidae are the richest source of squalene. Squalene’s cytoprotective activity, antioxidant property, cholesterol lowering property and effect of squalene on testosterone level, obesity and high blood pressure are detailed. Rapid transdermal absorption, creation of moisture barrier, high spreadability, non-greasy texture and antibacterial properties of squalene make it an excellent skin protector and finds application against eczema and in anti-aging and wrinkle protecting cosmetics. Being an adjuvant in vaccines, it stimulates the immune system and increases response to vaccines. Being a safe and naturally occurring antioxidant, its application for human health is very important. Its availability in nature viz., from deep sea shark liver and olive oil cannot meet the growing demand of industry. Synthesis of squalene by organic hemisynthesis should be explored to meet the demand.