Assessment on therapeutic value and diversity analysis in traditional rice (Oryza sativa) landraces of Tamil Nadu

K  AMUDHA; L D  ANANDALEKSHMI; G  ARIHARASUTHARSAN; D  UMA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v96i6.156938

Authors

K AMUDHA Agricultural Research Station (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu), Bhavanisagar, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 451, India
L D ANANDALEKSHMI Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
G ARIHARASUTHARSAN Agricultural Research Station (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu), Bhavanisagar, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 451, India
D UMA Agricultural Research Station (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu), Bhavanisagar, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638 451, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v96i6.156938

Keywords:

Antioxidants, Anthocyanin, Diversity analysis, Flavonoids, Phenols, Rice landraces

Abstract

The potential health benefits of pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces are creating interest among researchers towards the biochemical profiling of landraces for therapeutic trait improvement. The field experiment was conducted during rainy (kharif) season of 2022 and 2023 at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar, Erode, Tamil Nadu to assess flowering pattern and yield of landraces, and lab experiment at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu to analyse bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in 44 rice landraces of Tamil Nadu along with high yielding varieties as checks. Metabolite profiling had shown that the black rice genotypes Burma Black (Total phenol content- 1,336.83 mg GAE/100 g DW; total flavonoid content- 256.15 mg QE/100 g; total anthocyanin content-129.91 mg CE/100 g DW, and antioxidant activity 2,894.47 μgTE/g), Kavuni (Total flavonoid content- 291.77 mg
QE/100 g) and Chitthan Samba (Total anthocyanin content- 158.49 mg CE/100 g DW; antioxidant activity 3,693.32 μgTE/g) were enriched with various bioactive compounds analysed and antioxidant activity, therefore can be used as potential genotypes for therapeutic rice improvement. Diversity analysis has grouped the landraces into five clusters with majority of genotypes falling into Cluster I. Highest intra-cluster distance was shown by Cluster V (24.92) whereas the highest inter-cluster distance was exhibited between Clusters I and II (88.77). Hence, hybridisation between genotypes in these clusters enhances the chances of obtaining transgressive segregants in the segregating generations.

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