Assessment of the influence of different doses of liquid organic formulations on growth, flowering and yield attributes of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cv. Camarosa under black polyethylene mulch
313 / 94 / 34
Keywords:
Black polyethylene mulch, Humic acid, Organic formulations, Soil propertiesAbstract
The experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons from 2022–2023 at College of Horticulture, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Uttarakhand in a naturally ventilated polyhouse by using five different liquid organic formulations (Jeevamrut, Amritpani, Seaweed extract, Vermiwash, Humic acid ) with three different doses, taking strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Camarosa as the test crop. The experiment was laid out on a randomised complete block design (RCBD) in triplicate. Certain plant growth parameters, yield and economic parameters were taken into consideration for drawing conclusions in the study. In the majority of the traits, humic acid (HA) @3% outperformed and proved significantly higher yield over the rest of the treatments, 256.67% higher yield over the control. Even though the profitability of a production system largely depends on yield, there is a necessity for considering the input cost incurred in the production as well. HA @1%, even though it produced a lesser yield as compared to HA @3%, proved the most profitable input (C:B, 1:4.38) due to the lesser input cost, though there shall be a 9% compromise in yield as compared to HA @3%. Yet, HA @1% scored 198.4% higher yield over the control. Thereby, farmers can derive a promising return of 4.38 fold profit from their investments.
Downloads
References
Aher S B, Lakaria B L, Kaleshananda S and Singh A B. 2021. Yield, nutrient uptake and economics of soybean–wheat cropping system under organic nutrient management in central India. Journal of Plant Nutrition 45: 904–19. https://doi.org/10.108 0/01904167.2021.1994600
Akinci S, Buyukkeskin T, Eroglu A and Erdogan B E. 2009. The effect of humic acid on nutrient composition in broad bean (Vicia faba L.). Notulae Scientia Biologicae 1(1): 81–7. https:// doi.org/10.15835/nsb113489
Aldulaimy R M H and Alsinbol O K I. 2012. Effect of foliar humic acid application and mulching of soil on character of growth and yield of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 10(1): 82–96.
Ameri A and Tehranifar A. 2012. Effect of humic acid on nutrient uptake and physiological characteristics of Fragaria ananassa var. Camarosa. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences 6(16): 77–79. https://doi.org/10.17660/ ActaHortic.2014.1049.54
Antil R S and Singh M. 2007. Effects of organic manures and fertilisers on organic matter and nutrients status of the soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 53: 519–28. https:// doi.org/10.1080/03650340701571033
Antu U B, Roy T K, Kulsum T I, Mitu P R, Ismail Z, Arifin M, Datta M, Hossain Sk A, Islam Md S, Mahiddin N A, Bakky A Al, Hossin Sh, Islam S and Idris A M. 2025. Role of humic acid for climate change adaptation measures to boost up sustainable agriculture and soil health: A potential review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 313: 144043. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144043
Arnon D I. 1949. Copper enzymes isolated chloroplasts, polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24: 1–15. https:// doi.org/10.1104/pp.24.1.1
Barrs H D and Weatherley P E. 1962. A research examination of the relative turgidity techniques for estimating water deficits in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 15: 413–28.
Bryla D R and Strik B C. 2015. Nutrient requirements, leaf tissue standards and new options for fertigation of northern highbush blueberry. HortTechnology 25: 464–47. https://doi. org/10.21273/HORTTECH.25.4.464
Chatterjee R and Bandyopadhyay S. 2014. Effects of organic, inorganic and biofertilizers on plant nutrient status and availability of major nutrients in tomato. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 5: 93–97. https://ojs. pphouse.org/index.php/IJBSM/article/view/482
Chen D, Yuan L, Liu Y, Ji J and Hou H. 2017. Long-term application of manures plus chemical fertilisers sustained high rice yield and improved soil chemical and bacterial properties. European Journal of Agronomy 90: 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. eja.2017.07.007
Derkowska E, Paszt L S, Trzciński P, Przybył M and Weszczak K. 2015. Influence of biofertilisers on plant growth and rhizosphere microbiology of greenhouse-grown strawberry cultivars. Acta Scintiarum Polonarum Hortorum Cultus 14: 83–96. https:// czasopisma.up.lublin.pl/asphc/article/view/2643
du Jardin P. 2015. Plant Biostimulants: Definition, concept, main categories and regulation. Scientia Horticultura 196: 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.021
Ennab H. 2016. Effect of humic acid on growth and productivity of Egyptian Lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) under salt stress conditions. Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences 42(4): 494–505. https://doi.org/10.21608/jsas.2016.3057
Ewulo B and Ojeniyi S O. 2008. Effect of poultry manure on selected soil physical and chemical properties, growth, yield and nutrient status of tomato. African Journal of Agricultural Research 3: 612–16.
Fijoł-Adach E, Feldyn-Szewczyk B, Kazimierczak and Stalenga J. 2016. Effect of an agricultural production system on the presence of bioactive substances in strawberry fruits. Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego 1: 78–86.
Haghighi M, Kafi M and Fang P. 2012. Photosynthetic activity and N metabolism of lettuce as affected by humic acid. International Journal of Vegetable Science 18: 182–89. https://doi.org/10.1 080/19315260.2011.605826
Jackson M L. 1973. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Karakas S D and Dikilitas M. 2021. Determination of the physiological and biochemical effects of humic acid application in strawberry plant grown under salt stress. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 25(3): 326–35. https://doi.org/10.29050/ harranziraat.905113
Katkat A V, Çelik H, Turan M A and Asık B B. 2009. Effects of soil and foliar applications of humic substances on dry weight and mineral nutrients uptake of wheat under calcareous soil conditions. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Science 3(2): 1266–73.
Kazemi M. 2014. The impact of foliar humic acid sprays on reproductive biology and fruit quality of strawberry. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science 47(4): 221–25.
Khaled H and Fawy H A. 2011. Effect of different levels of humic acids on the nutrient content, plant growth and soil properties under conditions of salinity. Soil and Water Research 6(1): 21–29.
Khandare R N, Chandra R, Pareek N and Raverkar K P. 2020. Carrier-based and liquid bioinoculants of Azotobacter and PSB saved chemical fertilisers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and enhanced soil biological properties in Mollisols. Journal of Plant Nutrition 43: 36–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/0190416 7.2019.1659333
Kouam I D, Moungang S, Koulagna H I, Ntsoli G P, Titti R W and Yaouba A. 2024. Influence of organic and mineral fertilisers and a foliar biostimulant on the yield and nutritional quality of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) under field conditions. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 117: 104917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2024.104917
Meena A and Rao K S. 2021. Assessment of soil microbial and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere zone under different land use/cover of a semiarid region, India. Ecological Process 10: 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717-021-00288-3
Murphy D V, Stockdale E A, Brookes P C and Goulding K W. 2007. Impact of microorganisms on chemical transformations in soil. (In) Soil Biological Fertility, pp. 37–59. Abbott L K and Murphy D V (Eds). Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6619-1_3
Muthukumaran S, Tranchant C, Shi J, Ye X and Xue S J. 2017. Ellagic acid in strawberry (Fragaria spp.): Biological, technological, stability and human health aspects. Food Quality and Safety 1: 227–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/ fqsafe/fyx023
Nazli R I, Kuşvuran A, Inal I, Demirbaş A and Tansi V. 2014. Effects of different organic materials on forage yield and quality of silage maize (Zea mays L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 38: 23–31. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1302-62
Nunes R O, Domiciano G A, Alves W S, Melo A C A, Nogueira F C S, Canellas L P, Olivares F L, Zingali R B and Soares M R. 2019. Evaluation of the effects of humic acids on maize root architecture by label-free proteomics analysis. Scientific Reports 9(1): 12019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48509-2
Olivares F L, Aguiar N O, Rosa R C C and Calellas L P. 2015. Substrate biofortification in combination with foliar sprays of plant growth promoting bacteria and humic substances boosts production of organic tomatoes. Scientia Horticulturae 183: 100–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2014.11.012
Patel D P, Das A, Kumar M, Munda G C, Ngachan S V, Ramkrushna I, Jayanta L, Pongla N, Buragohain J and Somireddy U. 2015. Continuous application of organic amendments enhances soil health, produce quality and system productivity of vegetable-based cropping systems in subtropical eastern Himalayas. Experimental Agriculture 51(1): 85–106.
Rafeii S and Pakkish Z. 2014. Improvement of vegetative and reproductive growth of ‘Camarosa’ strawberry: Role of humic acid, Zn and B. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 79(4): 239–44.
Rathore G, Kaushal R, Sharma V, Sharma G, Chaudhary S, Dhaliwal S S, Alsuhaibani A M, Gaber A and Hossain A. 2023. Evaluation of the usefulness of fermented liquid organic formulations and manures for improving the soil fertility and productivity of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). Agriculture 13(2): 417. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020417
Rostami M and Shokouhian A A. 2018. Evaluation of humic acid application methods and ratios of nitrogen on characteristics of morphological and yield of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) cv. Paros. Journal of Horticultural Science 32(2): 251–61.
Rzepka-Plevnes D, Kulpa D, Gołębiowska D and Porwolik D. 2011. Effects of auxins and humic acids on in vitro rooting of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 9: 592–95.
Saidimoradi D, Ghaderi N and Javadi T. 2019. Salinity stress mitigation by humic acid application in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). Scientia Horticulturae 256: 1–13. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108594
Schoebitz M, L’opez M D, Serri H, Martínez O and Zagal E. 2016. Combined application of microbial consortium and humic substances to improve the growth performance of blueberry seedlings. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 16: 1010– 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-95162016005000074
Sharma S K, Jain D, Choudharya R, Jata G, Jain P, Bhojiya A A, Jain R and Yadav S K. 2021. Microbiological and enzymatic properties of diverse Jaivik krishi inputs used in organic farming. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 20: 237–43.
Shehata S A, Gharib A A, Mohamed M El-Mogy, Abdel Gawad E A and Shalaby E A. 2011. Influence of compost, amino and humic acids on the growth, yield and chemical parameters of strawberries. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(1): 2304–08.
Singh R A. 1980. Soil Physical Analysis. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
Sreenivasa M N, Nagaraj M, Naik N and Bhat S N. 2009. Beneficial traits of microbial isolates of organic liquid manures. (In) Proceedings of the First Asian PGPR Congress for Sustainable Agriculture, ANGRAU Hyderabad, June 21–24.
Zanin L, Tomasi N, Zamboni A, Sega D, Varanini Z and Pinton R. 2018. Water extractable humic substances speed up transcriptional response of maize roots to nitrate. Environmental and Experimental Botany 147: 167–78. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2017.12.014
Zydlik Z and Zydlik P. 2020. Effect of a preparation containing humic acids on selected physico-chemical and biological properties of replanted soil. Journal of Elementology 25: 993–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5601/jelem.2020.25.2.2002
Zydlik Z and Zydlik P. 2023. The effect of a preparation containing humic acids on the growth, yield and quality of strawberry fruits [Fragaria × ananassa (Duchesne ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier]. Agronomy 13: 1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy13071872
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.