Effect of crop residue and phosphorus management strategies on the performance of pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) under limited irrigation conditions

Raj Kumar Gourav; Kuldeep Singh Rana; R S Bana; Anchal Dass; M C Meena; Ashok Kumar; S S Rathore; KRIPA SHANKAR; ANJALI PATEL; MANJESH KUMAR GAUTAM

doi:10.56093/ijas.v96i6.170698

Authors

Raj Kumar Gourav ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
Kuldeep Singh Rana IARI, New Delhi
R S Bana ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
Anchal Dass ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
M C Meena ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
Ashok Kumar ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
S S Rathore ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
KRIPA SHANKAR ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, RC, Datia (MP)-475 661
ANJALI PATEL ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012
MANJESH KUMAR GAUTAM ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v96i6.170698

Keywords:

Crop residue, PSB, AMF, limited irrigation, phosphorus application rate

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2022 and 2023 at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi to study the impact of crop residue mulching, phosphorus application rate, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on growth and yield attributes of pearlmillet. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three crop residue options (M1: no residue mulching, M2: crop residue mulching @ 2 t/ha and M3: crop residue mulching @ 3 t/ha) and four phosphorus level (S1: No phosphorus application, S2; 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (RDP), S3; 75% RDP + PSB + AMF and S4: 50% RDP + PSB + AMF). Significant differences were observed on growth and yield attributes in both, crop residue mulching at M3 as well as M2 compared to M1 (control) treatment. In term of phosphorus application rate, PSB and AMF on pearl millet, significantly higher growth attributes viz., plant height, number of tillers and leaf area index at 60 DAS and at harvest stage of crop were observed. Under different crop residue management practices, treatment M3 consistently outperformed as compared to control (M0) in terms of pearl millet growth and yield parameters. Specifically, M3 resulted in increases in ear head length by 13.9% and 15.7%, girth by 9.03% and 7.73%, test weight by 7.14% and 6.92% and grain yield by 17.8% and 25.5% during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons, respectively. Regarding phosphorus management, the highest values for all observed parameters were recorded under treatment S3, which involved the application of phosphorus in conjunction with PSB and AMF. Compared to the control (S0), S3 showed improvements in ear head length by 22.3% and 20.6%, girth by 13.4% and 11.9%, test weight by 12.9% and 12.4%, and grain yield by 16.9% and 19.7% in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Additionally, S3 provided the highest economic returns. These results suggest that the integrated use of phosphorus with PSB and AMF enhances phosphorus availability and uptake due to the beneficial effects of microbial activity. The synergy between optimized phosphorus fertilization and residue management practices contributes to improved growth, yield and profitability in pearl millet cultivation under limited irrigation conditions.

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Author Biographies

Raj Kumar Gourav , ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Agronomy

Technical Assistant
Kuldeep Singh Rana, IARI, New Delhi

Agronomy and Principal Scientist (Professor)
R S Bana, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Agronomy

Senior Scientist
Anchal Dass, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Agronomy

Principal Scientist
M C Meena, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry

Principal Scientist
S S Rathore, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Agronomy

Head and Principal Scientist
KRIPA SHANKAR, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, RC, Datia (MP)-475 661

Fruit Science

Scientist
ANJALI PATEL, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Agronomy

Senior Research Fellow
MANJESH KUMAR GAUTAM, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012

Division of Agronomy

Senior Research Fellow

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