Diversity analysis of guava (Psidium guajava) germplasm collection

SHAILI KUMARI; NAGARAJA ARUMUGAM; RAKESH SINGH; MANISH SRIVASTAV; SHIVA BANOTH; AMITHA CHARU MITHRA; ARUN M B; AMIT KUMAR GOSWAMI; YASIN JESHIMA KHAN

doi:10.56093/ijas.v88i3.78740

Authors

SHAILI KUMARI Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, School of Horticulture Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
NAGARAJA ARUMUGAM Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, School of Horticulture Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
RAKESH SINGH Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi
MANISH SRIVASTAV Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, School of Horticulture Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
SHIVA BANOTH Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, School of Horticulture Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
AMITHA CHARU MITHRA Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, ICAR-National Research Center on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi
ARUN M B Division of Seed Science and Technology, School of Crop Improvement, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110 012
AMIT KUMAR GOSWAMI Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, School of Horticulture Science, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi
YASIN JESHIMA KHAN Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources New Delhi

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i3.78740

Keywords:

Characterization, Correlation, Diversity analysis, Morphological traits, Psidium guajava, Simple Sequence Repeats

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the commercially important cultivated fruit crops in India. Guava ranks fifth
in production share of fruit crops in the country. During 2014-15, India produced 36.68 lakh tonnes of guava from an
area of 2.68 lakh ha with 13.7 t/ha productivity. In the present investigation, a total 33 genotypes including 6 species
of Psidium and 28 genotypes of Psidium guajava were characterized using 39 SSR markers. All accessions are being
cultivated at IARI research farm, Pusa campus, New Delhi. Samples were collected from research farm to determine
the overall diversity and to assess the similarity among genotypes using molecular markers. Out of 39 primers 26
were reproducible. A total of 64 alleles were produced by 26 primers and number of alleles per locus varied
from 1 (mPgCIR01, mPgCIR18 and mPgCIR19) to 5 (mPgCIR256) with mean value of 2.34. Gene diversity ranged
from 0.0377 to 0.6681 with a mean value of 0.2766. Highest gene diversity was observed for primer mPgCIR256
(0.6681) and lowest for primer mPgCIR24 (0.0377). SSR primer mPgCIR256 was most informative with high rate
of polymorphism as well as number of alleles. Phenotypic correlation indicated the correlated traits with dependent
yield trait. PCA and cluster analysis showed a significant phenotypic and genetic diversity among existing cultivars.
All accessions were grouped into two major groups and under each group four sub groups. Maximum diversity was
found in leaf traits, viz. leaf length, leaf breadth, petiole and petiole length. Genetic distance and the dissimilarity matrix
showed three major clusters on the basis of genetic similarity. All these accessions were grouped in to three clusters,
viz. A, B and C. While cluster A includes only cultivars, cluster B includes all species except P. friedrichsthalianum.
This indicates that, the diversity among and between species is at cluster level. Genetic diversity analysis among
Psidium species showed that P. guajava had more similarity with Psidium guienensis compared to other species.
Present investigation indicated the presence of substantial diversity among guava species which can be utilized for
future guava improvement programmes

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