Gross Morphometrical Study on the Sternum of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)
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Authors
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Jasvinder singh sasan
Assistant Professor, Division of Veterinary Anatomy, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
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Suraj amrutkar
Assistant Professor, Division of LFC, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
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Kamal sarma
Professor and Head,Division of Veterinary Anatomy, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
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Shalini Suri
Professor,Division of Veterinary Anatomy, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
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Haneeth singh
MVSc student,Division of Veterinary Anatomy, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
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Lovish Sethi
Ph.D Scholar, Division of Veterinary Anatomy, F.V.Sc. & A.H., SKUAST-Jammu
Keywords:
Biometry, Guinea fowl, Keel, Pneumatic foramen, SternumAbstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the gross morphometry of the sternum in the guinea fowl, with the aim of documenting its anatomical features and establishing baseline biometric data relevant to avian skeletal biology. The body of sternum was concave dorsally and convex ventrally. The cranio-lateral process was elongated and directed cranially. Caudo-lateral process started as a single process which bifurcated into a smaller dorsal and a longer ventral process. Median pneumatic foramen was present. An oval to round foramen was observed towards the cranial-most aspect of sternum just caudal to rostrum. The cranial border presented transversely elongated grooves separated by rostrum to articulate with the distal extremity of coracoid bone. Cranially, the lateral border presented four facets for sternal ribs. The rostrum was roughly triangular plate-like structure in outline. A foramen was observed between the rostrum and cranial border of sternum. The ventral surface presented triangular shaped keel (carina) with concave cranial border. The apex of the keel was in level with the origin of cranio-lateral process. Length of sternum was 12.01 cm. Width of sternum was maximum at the level of facets (2.41 cm). The cranio-lateral processes were shortest and caudo-ventral processes were the longest. The height of keel was maximum at its apex. This study provides foundational data on the sternal morphology of guinea fowl, which may serve as a useful reference in comparative anatomy, veterinary medicine, and functional morphology of avian species.
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