Impact of El-Niño Event on Seasonal and Annual Rainfall over Odisha State
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Authors
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N MANIKANDAN
Indian Institute of Water Management
Bhubaneswar - 751 023, Odisha
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G KAR
Indian Institute of Water Management
Bhubaneswar - 751 023, Odisha
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S ROY CHOWDHURY
Indian Institute of Water Management
Bhubaneswar - 751 023, Odisha
Abstract
Above normal warming of sea surface temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean creates a phenomena called El Niño and causes change in sea level pressure pattern in the east and west Pacific Ocean which in turn affects normal pattern of wind movement across the globe. The present study attempted to analyze variations in the seasonal and annual rainfall of Odisha state during different El Niño years (strong, moderate and weak). For this purpose, monthly rainfall data for Odisha state, years of different intensity of El Niño events, different ENSO (El Niño – Southern Oscillation) indices were retrieved. Results revealed that El Niño events did not have much effect on southwest monsoon rainfall of Odisha (21% probability for below normal rainfall) but marked effect of El Niño was noticed on post monsoon rainfall and there are 71 and 53 per cent probability for below normal rainfall during post monsoon season over Odisha in strong El Niño and all El Niño years, respectively. Negative correlation was found between sea surface temperature anomaly (Niño 3.4 and Niño 3 region during February month) and southwest monsoon rainfall of Odisha.
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