Molecular Screening of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm for Biotic and Abiotic Stresses and Their Diversity Study by Using SSR Markers

Abstract

The present study was carried out to screen the 55 rice germplasm for biotic and abiotic stresses and their genetic diversity analysis by using 18 microsatellite markers pairs distributed throughout the genome. Blast resistance alleles were observed in the genotypes viz., Karjat-184, Karjat-1, IR 65598-112-2, Phule Maval, Bhogavati, Ratnagiri-5, Phule Samruddhi, Ratnagiri-24, Karjat-7, RNT-55-3-2, RNT-1-1-2-1, RNT-66-43-8, Karjat-3, Paras Sona, Panvel-3, Jaya, BR-827 and Karjat-5. Salt tolerant genotypes include; Prabhavati, Ratnagiri-73, Karjat-1, Karjat-4, Paras Sona, RTN Purple, BR 827, IR 65598-112-2, Karjat-5, Ratna, Abhaya, RNT-49-2-3-1-2, IR 68952-5-2-11-8-1, RNT 66-43-8, Jaya, Bhogavati, Phule Samruddhi, IR-46, Indrayani, Saysree, NPT-2, IR-54, RP-4-14, Panvel-1 and IR-44. Bacterial Blight resistant genotypes were; RNT 55-3-2, Ratnagiri-5, Karjat-184, Karjat-1 and KJT-6. Two genotypes namely; Ratnagiri-60 and Ratnagiri-3 were observed tolerant to drought condition since it showed amplification at specific base pair. Gall midge resistant genotypes are Pawana, IR-68, Karjat-4, Ratnagiri-711, Abhaya, Panvel-1, IR-44 and RP-4-14 observed in the present studies. All the eighteen SSR primers used in this study were also subjected to genetic diversity study and primers were amplified, showed the higher level of polymorphism in rice germplasm. A total of 231 loci were generated by 18 primers. Each primer thus produced on an average 12.83 loci in the size ranging from 169.5 bp to 317.22 bp in the 55 rice genotypes in relation to diversity assessment. UPGMA grouped 55 rice genotypes into two main clusters which were further divided into two sub-clusters. This study will be helpful for selection of parental lines and development of new breeding population tolerant to specific traits through Marker Assisted Selection (MAS).