Climate Change and Coastal Agriculture: Impacts and Adaptation
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Authors
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P BHATTACHARYYA
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack - 753 006, Odisha, India
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P K DASH
ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack - 753 006, Odisha, India
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H PATHAK
ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati - 413 115, Maharashtra, India
Keywords:
Climate change adaptation, Coastal agriculture, Rainwater harvesting, Salt tolerant cultivarsAbstract
Climate change is a reality as evident by sea-level rise, high frequency of weather extremes, surface temperature rise and glacier melting. It impacted the vulnerable coastal agriculture both in negative and positive ways. High frequency cyclone and salinity enhancement due to climate change negatively impacted irrigated wheat, maize, sugarcane and rice along with fish-spawning and aquaculture in the coastal region of South-East Asia. However, some positive impacts on coconut and rice (at few locations) have also been recorded. Rainwater harvesting, interlinking drainage network, introduction of salt-tolerant cultivars, crop diversification and modified irrigation system are effective adaptation strategies to cope up the climate change vagaries in the coastal region. Contingent planning, real time weather forecasting with agro-advisory and crop insurance could increase the resilience of the system. Climate-smart village with the three components, viz., sustainable food production, resilience and mitigation should be promoted in the vulnerable coastal region through national and international funding by interlink the line departments and NGOs.
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