Biodegradation of Rice, Wheat and Corn Straw Powder by Cellulase Producing Bacillus species Under Controlled Conditions

Biodegradation of Crop Straw by Cellulolytic Bacillus spp.

Abstract

The thermophilic bacteria (AMB-T-6S) isolated from hot spring of Tatapani, Balrampur district was selected for their specific extracellular enzyme screening response. The medium of experiment conducted on submerged and solid-state form of straw specially wheat, rice and corn straw. The all straw powder (rice, wheat, corn) was compared with control separately, each treatment replicate with three replication and follow the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) model. The isolate was selected for further studies and their growth performance of rice straw, wheat straw and corn straw separately with Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) broth on submerge condition were examined at various time intervals after incubation at 45 0C.This growth response found significant with different straw. The degraded power form showed higher levels of cellulose and lignin degradation in the FTIR readings when compared to control rice straw powder, wheat straw powder and corn straw powder, where all exhibited C=C aromatic skeletal vibration. After the analysis of the organic content (OC, N, P, K and C:N ratio) Among the all treatment comparatively lowest amount of organic carbon content was determined at 30-day T2 (rice straw with inoculumn) (68.67%) followed to T4 (wheat straw) (69.00%) compare to uninoculated straw. The maximum nitrogen content was high in T6 (Corn straw with inoculum) (0.58%), followed by T4 (Wheat straw with inoculum) (0.53%). Phosphorus and potassium both contents were significantly high in T6 (Corn Straw with inoculum) (0.59%&1.27%) followed by T5 (Corn straw) (0.55%&1.17%). status of compost material found maximum C: N ratio was significantly high in T3 (Wheat Straw) (37.01) followed by T1 (Rice Straw), (32.88) & the minimum C: N ratio recorded was in T6 (Corn Straw with inoculum) (25.61).