Optimization of Subsurface Drain Spacing and Depth for Sugarcane under Waterlogged Vertisols of Canal/Lift Irrigated Areas of Maharashtra, India
Abstract views: 140
/ 
PDF downloads: 62
Drain spacing and depth for sugarcane
Authors
-
Shrimant Rathod
Agricultural research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Dist. Sangli
Keywords:
Drain depth, Drain spacing, Optimization, Subsurface drainage system, Sugarcane, Waterlogged VertisolsAbstract
The problems of waterlogging, salinity and sodicity declined the productivity of different crops especially sugarcane in recent decades of Maharashtra. Subsurface drainage is required to combat the twin problems of irrigation induced soil salinity and waterlogging. The field experiments for increasing sugarcane productivity in waterlogged Vertisols through subsurface drainage system were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Kasbe Digraj, Sangli, Maharashtra (India) during 2012-13 to 2017-18. Four drain spacings (10, 20, 30 and 40 m) as main factor and three drain depths (0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 m) as sub-factor in split plot design were included for achieving objectives. The results revealed that 40 m drain spacing recorded significantly highest pooled mean height of sugarcane, milleable cane height, No. of internodes, No. of milleable canes per clump, cane yield followed by 30, 20 and 10 m. Whereas, the significantly highest pooled mean height of milleable cane, weight of single milleable cane, cane yield, CCS (%) and sugar yield were observed under 1.25 m drain depth followed by 1.0 and 0.75 m. The economic analysis revealed that 40 m drain spacing and 1.25 m depth recorded significantly highest pooled mean of B:C ratio, gross and net monetary returns. The interaction effect was non-significant. Thus, the drain spacing of 40 m and 1.25 m depth are recommended for optimum drainage, less NO3-N losses, economically optimal growth, yield and quality dynamics of sugarcane under waterlogged Vertisols of canal/lift irrigated areas of Maharashtra, India.
Downloads
References
Abu-Zeid M (1992). 5th Annual workshop-Subsurface Drainage on Problematic Irrigated Soils: Sustainability and Cost Effectiveness Feb. 8-15, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ambast SK, Gupta SK and Singh G (2007). Agricultural Land Drainage: Reclamation of Waterlogged Saline Lands. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India, pp 231.
Bhattacharyya T, Pal DK, Mandal C, Chandran P, Ray SK, Sarkar DVK, Srivastava A, Sidhu GS, Singh RS, Sahoo AK, Dutta D, Nair KM, Srivastava R, Tiwary P, Nagar AP and Nimkhedkar SS (2013). Soils of India: Historical perspective, classification and recent advances. Current Science 104 (10): 1308-1323.
Blake GR 1965. Particle density. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, part I, Agronomy, number 9. C.A. Black, edited by American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisc. pp.371-373.
Boonstra J, Ritzema HP, Wolters W, Oosterbaan RJ, Res L, Lieshout van AM, CSSRI, NGRAU, UASD, RAU, GAU... (2002). Research on the Control of Waterlogging and Salinization in Irrigated Agricultural Lands-Recommendations on Waterlogging and Salinity Control Based on Pilot Area Drainage Research.. CSSRI, Karnal and Alterra-ILRI, Wageningen, pp 100. (http://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/ wurpubs/348820) (accessed on 20 Feb 2020).
Brady NC and Weil RR 1996. The Nature and Properties of Soils (11th edition). Prentice Hall, New York.
CACP (2012). Price Policy for Sugarcane- the Sugar Season 2013-14. http://cacp.dacnet.nic.in/RPP/Sugarcane-2013-14.pdf.46-47.
Carter CE and Camp CR (1994). Drain spacing effect on water table control and cane sugar yields. Americal Society of Agricultural Engineers, 37(5):1509-1513.
Chinnappa B and Nagaraj N (2007). An economic analysis of public interventions for amelioration of irrigation-induced soil degradation. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 20: 375-384.
Dastane NG 1967. A Practical Manual for Water Use Research. Navabharat Prakashan, Poona, India, p.5.
Datta KK, Jong CD and Singh OP (2002). Feasibility of subsurface drainage for salinity control in the Trans-Gangetic region of India. Irrigation and Drainage, 51: 275–292. DOI: 10.1002/ird.61
Doorenbos J and Kassam AH (1979). Yield response to water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 33, Rome, Italy.
FAO (1985). Guidelines on crop salt tolerance data. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 29. Rome, Italy.
Fagodiya RK, Malyan SK, Singh D, Kumar A, Yadav RK, Sharma PC and Pathak H. (2022) Greenhouse gas emissions from salt-affected soils: mechanistic understanding of interplay factors and reclamation approaches. Sustainability. 14(19):11876. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911876
Glaz B and Morris DR (2010). Sugarcane response to water table depth and periodic flood. Agronomy Journal 102: 372-380.
Glaz B, Morris DR and Daroub S H (2004). Periodic flooding and water table effects on two sugarcane genotypes. Agronomy Journal 96: 832-838.
Kamra SK and Sharma DK (2016). Critical evaluation of performance and organizational framework of subsurface drainage projects in Haryana and Maharashtra. Water and Energy International 59(1): 64-72.
Karegoudar AV, Vishwanath J, Anand SR, Rajkumar RH, Ambast SK and Kaledhonkar MJ. (2019). Feasibility of Controlled Drainage in Saline Vertisols of TBP Command Area of Karnataka, India. Irrigation and Drainage 68: 969–978.
Mukhopadhyay R, Fagodiya RK, Narjary B, Barman A, Prajapat K, Kumar S, Bundela DS and Sharma PC (2023). Restoring soil quality and carbon sequestration potential of waterlogged saline land using subsurface drainage technology to achieve land degradation neutrality in India. Science of The Total Environment.163959.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163959
Nangia V, Gowda PH, Mulla DJ and Sands GRZ (2009). Modeling Impacts of Tile Drain Spacing and Depth on Nitrate-Nitrogen Losses. Vadose Zone Journal 9: 61-72.
Nash P, Nelson K and Motavalli P (2014). Reducing nitrogen loss in subsurface tile drainage water with managed drainage and polymer-coated urea in a river bottom soil. Journal of Water Resource and Protection 6: 988-997.
Panse VC and Sukhatme PV (1967). Statistical Methods for Agric. Workers. II. Enlarged Edn. ICAR, New Delhi.
Raju R, Thimmappa K, Pathan AL and Siddayya (2016). Impact of saline soil reclamation on enhancing farm productivity and farmers’ income in Karnataka: An economic analysis. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 34 (2): 303-3010.
Raju R, Thimmappa K, Pathan AL and Siddayya (2017). Saline soil reclamation through subsurface drainage in Karnataka - An economic impact analysis. Farm Science 30: 74-78.
Raju R, Tripathi RS, Thimmappa K, Parveen Kumar, Satyendra Kumar (2015). Impact of waterlogged saline soil reclamation on land productivity and farm income: An economic study from Haryana. Agricultural Economics Research Review 28: 177-182. DOI: 10.5958/0974-0279.2015.00032.4.
Randall GW (2004). Subsurface drain flow characteristics during a 15 year period in Minnesota. In. Proc. 8th Intl. Drainage Symp. Drainage VIII. 21-24 March, 2004. Sacramento, CA. ASAE.
Rathod SD, Gorantiwar SD, Dahiwalkar SD, Kamble BM, Patil SB and Kathmale DK (2011). Performance and economic feasibility of mole drainage in irrigated Vertisols. Journal of Soil Salinity and Water Quality 3 (1): 37-40.
Ritzema HP, Satyanarayana TV, Raman S and Boonstra J (2008). Subsurface drainage to combat waterlogging and salinity in irrigated lands in India: Lessons learned in farmers' fields. Agricultural Water Management 95 (3): 179-189.
Sarwar A and Feddes RA (2000). Evaluating Drainage Design Parameters for the Fourth Drainage Project, Pakistan by using SWAP Model: Part II- Modeling Results. Irrigation and Drainage Systems 14 (4): 281-299.
Sastry SK and Venkatachari A (1960). Nutrient requirements of sugarcane at Rudrur, Andhra Pradesh. Proc. 4th All India Conf. Sugarcane Researchers and Dev. Workers, pp 146.
Singh M (2000). Modelling of salinization and nitrogen losses under subsurface drainage system. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, Division of Agricultural Engineering, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.
Srinavasulu K, Sujani Rao C, Lakshmi GV, Satyanarayana TV and Boonstra J (2005). Model studies on salt and water balances at Konanki pilot area. Andhra Pradesh, India. Irrigation and Drainage Systems 18: 1-17.
Talukolaee JM, Ritzema H, Darzi-Naftchalli A and Shahnazari A (2016). Subsurface drainage to enable the cultivation of winter crops in consolidated paddy fields in Northern Iran. Sustainability 8(249): 1-19.
Taylor GS 1960. Drainable porosity evaluation from outflow measurements and its use in drawdown equations. Soil Science 90: 38-345.
Tiwari P and Goel A (2017). An overview of impact of subsurface drainage project studies on salinity management in developing countries. Applied Water Science 7: 569-580, DOI 10.1007/s13201-015-0329-4.
Valipour M (2014). Drainage, waterlogging, and salinity. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 60: 1625-1640.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Journal of Soil Salinity and Water Quality serves as an official organ of the Indian Society of Soil Salinity and Water Quality (ISSSWQ) for the publication of research papers, reviews, and short communications as per the constitution and by-laws of the society. Soft and hard copy of the journal are sent free to all its members. All disputes are subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of competent court and forums in Kamal only. The society does not assume any responsibility for opinion by the authors in the articles and no-material in any form can be reproduced without the prior permission of the society. The society is not responsible for any delay, whatsoever, in publication/ delivery of the periodicals to the subscribers due to unforeseen circumstances or postal delay. The society does not vouch for any claims made by the advertisers of products and services. The publisher and the editors shall not be held liable for any consequences in the event of such claim not being honoured by the advertisers.
