Carbon Emissions due to Groundwater Pumping and Crop Diversification in Fatehgarh Sahib District of Punjab
Carbon emissions due to groundwater pumping and crop diversification
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Authors
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Sunil Garg
Deptt. of Soil & Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004
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Harmeen Kaur
Ex B. Tech Student, COAE&T, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004
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Sanjay Satpute
Deptt. of Soil & Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004
Keywords:
CO2- emissions, Crop water requirement, Groundwater development, Crop diversificationAbstract
The study was undertaken to access carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from groundwater pumping in different blocks of Fatehgarh Sahib and to explore the possibility of reducing CO2 emission through various management techniques. Management techniques that were applied were increasing the efficiency of pump-sets from 30% to 50% and crop diversification. Assessment of CO2 emission requires estimation of amount of groundwater pumped for irrigation and associated energy requirement. The energy required for groundwater pumping was converted into CO2 emission using appropriate emission factor. CO2 emission from groundwater pumping was estimated using information about area under different crops, crop water requirement and average water table depth. To see the effect of crop diversification on CO2 emission, first of all optimum percentage groundwater development for paddy and actual area under crops after diversification was determined for each block. Then accordingly percentage groundwater development and area for paddy at 70% groundwater development was worked out. From this actual area for paddy crop, actual area under other crops and optimum percentage groundwater development for paddy after diversification was estimated and based on this CO2 emission was determined. The CO2 emission due to groundwater pumping was highest for paddy and wheat at 30% pump efficiency in each block of Fatehgarh Sahib. Based on this the overall CO2 emission for irrigating paddy and wheat can be reduced by 40% in each block of Fatehgarh Sahib district, if the pump-set efficiency is increased from 30% to 50%.
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