Assessment of RO Water-purifier Wastewater Quality for Vegetable Production
RO water-purifier wastewater quality
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Keywords:
Saline water, Electrical conductivity, Residual sodium carbonate, RO wastewater, Soil nutrients.Abstract
A survey was undertaken to assess the quality of RO water-purifier wastewater for vegetable production in Bathinda district of Punjab. A total of 30 samples each for supply, stored and outlet drain samples were collected from different sites. Likewise, 11 soil samples from kitchen garden were also collected using different quality of water. The water samples were analysed for various chemical properties viz., pH, EC, Ca+2 + Mg+2, Na+ and K+, CO3-2, HCO3 - and Cl- . The pH of supply, stored and drain water ranged from 8.0 to 8.4, 7.0 to 7.7 and 7.3 to 8.1 with average value of 8.2, 7.2 and 7.8 respectively, having maximum average of 8.3 in ground water. The supply and stored water showed EC in the range of 0.35 to 2.8 dS m-1, 0.07 to 0.30 dS m-1. However higher ranges of EC 0.46 to 6.1 dS m-1 were recorded in RO drain water. Higher Na+ was reported in waste water followed by supply water, while stored water contains less amount of Na+. Similarly, the drain water contains higher amount of K+ (7.6 to 135 mg L-1) and Ca+2 + Mg+2 (2.2 to 14.5 meq L-1) ions. Among the anions, chloride (Cl-) was dominant ion, and ranged from 0.1 to 20.0 meq L-1 followed by bicarbonate (HCO3-) which ranged from 0.2 to 8.5 meq L-1 with higher value in drain water. The higher salts of drain water at site A (EC > 4.0 dS m-1) and site B (EC>2.9 dS m-1) makes them unsafe for frequently use for irrigation, but they can be used with some management practices such as with periodic monitoring of salt accumulation in soils. The soil properties with respect to different quality of irrigation water indicated the non-saline (EC < 0.8 dSm-1), slightly alkaline (pH; 8.1-8.7), having low OC (2.1 to 3.6 mg kg-1), and P (10.6-20.3 mg kg-1) and high ranged of K (222 to 322 mg kg-1). The soils were also available in sufficient quaintly of micronutrient and ranged from 0.22-0.52 mg kg-1 (Cu), 0.63-0.96 mg kg-1 (Zn), 3.56-3.85 mg kg-1 (Mn) and 4.55-5.87 mg kg-1 (Fe).
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