Groundwater Quality Assessment, Characterization and Mapping for Madhya Pradesh, India for Irrigation Purpose
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Authors
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KS Bangar
AICRP on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture, RVSKVV, College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Narendra Kumawat
AICRP on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture, RVSKVV, College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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SC Tiwari
Soil Testing Service Scheme, RVSKVV, College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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MJ Kaledhonkar
AICRP on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture, ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal-132001, Haryana, India
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BB Parmar
Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, RVSKVV, College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
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GS Tagore
Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur- 482 002, Madhya Pradesh, India *Corresponding author E-mail: mj.kaledhonkar@icar.gov.in
Keywords:
Ground water quality, EC, pH, SAR, RSC, Saline water, Alkali water, Irrigation water classesAbstract
Study on survey, characterization and classification of groundwater quality in the different districts of Madhya Pradesh was undertaken with total 6483 samples from 51 districts. Out of total samples, 4379 ground water samples from 17 districts were collected by AICRP on Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agriculture (SAS&USW), Indore while data of remaining 2104 ground water samples from 34 districts were acquired from CGWB, New Delhi. The ground water samples were analyzed in the laboratory for electrical conductivity (EC), pH, concentrations of cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and anions (CO 2-, HCO -, Cl- and SO2-). The water samples were categorized into different irrigation water classes as per criterion provided by Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal on basis of EC, SAR and RSC. The irrigation water classes include good quality, three subclasses for saline type and three subclasses for alkali type. The data clearly indicated that 87.3% samples were found in good water class “A”, 6.7% in marginally saline (B1), 0.8% in saline (B2) and only 0.2% in high SAR saline water class (B3), respectively. Among alkali water samples, 183 samples (2.8%) come under marginally alkali (C1), 109 samples (1.7%) in alkali water (C2) and 34 samples (0.5%) in high alkali water class (C3), respectively. Most of the ground water samples under good water class had dominance Ca followed by Na and then Mg. In case of anions, Cl was dominant ion followed by HCO3 and CO3. Further spatial maps were prepared for EC, pH, SAR and RSC of groundwater using GIS software (ArcMap GIS software 9.3.1). Intersection of spatial maps of EC, SAR and RSC was done to prepare spatial map indicting suitability of groundwater quality for irrigation purpose on basis of different irrigation water classes.
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References
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