Comparison of the cytobrush, cytotape and uterine lavage techniques in healthy postpartum cows

ANCHAL RANA; MADHUMEET SINGH; PRAVESH KUMAR; AKSHAY SHARMA

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i3.102516

Authors

ANCHAL RANA Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
MADHUMEET SINGH Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
PRAVESH KUMAR Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India
AKSHAY SHARMA Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 062 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i3.102516

Keywords:

Cytobrush, Cytotape, Endometrial cytology, Postpartum dairy cows, Uterine lavage

Abstract

This study was conducted to compare the accuracy of three different techniques of endometrial cytology to diagnose sub-clinical endometritis in dairy cows. Postpartum dairy cows (21) with history of normal calving were selected for obtaining endometrial samples at weekly interval from day 14 to 42 postpartum. In each cow, samples were obtained in a sequential manner, first with the cytotape, then with the cytobrush followed by uterine lavage. Smears were stained with Giemsa stain method. Parameters used to evaluate these techniques were; presence of polymorphoneutophils (%), total cellularity, red blood cell contamination and quality of the smears. No difference was recorded between the three techniques in % polymorphoneutrophils recovered. All techniques provided diagnostic samples; however, cytotape yielded the highest quality sample. On the other hand, cytobrush and cytotape methods yielded similar total cellularity (P=0.3781), uterine lavage yielded significantly (P<0.01) less number of total cells than other two techniques. Cytotape produced more intact cells than cytobrush and uterine lavage (P<0.05) and red blood cellsâ€™ contamination was found high in cytobrush and uterine lavage techniques (P<0.05). Distorted cells were significantly (P<0.01) more frequent in smears obtained by uterine lavage. Also, uterine lavage technique is time consuming and required 2-3 assistant than other two techniques. Hence, cytotape was found to be comparatively the best technique to obtain endometrial cytology samples.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Barlund C S, Carruthers T D, Waldner C L and Palmer C W. 2008. A comparison of diagnostic techniques for postpartum endometritis in dairy cattle. Theriogenology 69: 714–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.12.005

Cocchia N, Paciello O, Auletta L, Uccello V, Silvestro L and Mallardo K. 2012. Comparison of the cytobrush, cotton swab, and low-volume uterine flush techniques to evaluate endometrial cytology for diagnosing endometritis in chronically infertile mares. Theriogenology 77: 89–98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.07.020

De Boer M, LeBlanc S, Dubuc J, Meier S, Heuwieser W and Arlt S. 2014. Invited review: systematic review of diagnostic tests for reproductive-tract infection and inflammation in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 97: 3983–99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7450

Gilbert R O, Shin S T, Guard C L and Frajblat M. 2005. Prevalence of endometritis and effects on reproductive performance of dairy cows. Theriogenology 64: 1879–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.04.022

Jayaram R C. 2018. ‘Diagnostic and therapeutic methods in postpartum endometritis and its impact on reproductive performance in crossbred cows’. PhD Thesis. Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bombay Veterinary College, Mumbai, India.

Kasimanickam R, Duffield T F, Foster R A, Gartley C J, Leslie K E, Walton J S and Johnson W H. 2005. A comparison of the cytobrush and uterine lavage techniques to evaluate endometrial cytology in clinically normal postpartum dairy cows. Canadian Veterinary Journal 46(3): 255–59.

Overbeck W, Witte T and Heuwieser W. 2011. Comparison of three diagnostic methods to identify subclinical endometritis in mares. Theriogenology 75: 1311–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.12.002

Pascottini O B, Dini P, Hostens M, Ducatelle R and Opsomer G. 2015. A novel cytologic sampling technique to diagnose subclinical endometritis and comparison of staining methods for endometrial cytology samples in dairy cows. Theriogenology 84: 1438–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.032

Sheldon I M, Cronin J, Goetze L, Donofrio G and Schuberth H J. 2009. Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanism of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in Cattle. Biology of Reproduction 81: 1023–25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.109.077370

Vinita, Shivhare M, Singh S, Tayeng K and Chakravarti S. 2018. Endometrial Cytology to Diagnose Subclinical Endometritis in Cows. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Bioresearch 11(4): 623–31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30954/0974-1712.08.2018.3

Wagener K, Gabler C and Drillich M. 2017. A review of the ongoing discussion about definition, diagnosis and pathomechanism of subclinical endometritis in dairy cows. Theriogenology 94: 21–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.02.005