Effects of dietary supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris on oxidative stress attenuation and serum biochemical profile of pregnant New Zealand White rabbits

A B SIKIRU; A ARANGASAMY; I C ALEMEDE; S S A EGENA; J R IPPALA; R BHATTA

doi:10.56093/ijans.v90i9.109492

Authors

A B SIKIRU ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka
A ARANGASAMY Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
I C ALEMEDE Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
S S A EGENA Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
J R IPPALA ICARâ€“National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India
R BHATTA ICARâ€“National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560 030 India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v90i9.109492

Keywords:

Chlorella vulgaris, Malondialdehyde, Oxidative stress, Rabbit

Abstract

Oxidative stress negatively affects animals during gestation period and this condition is almost inevitable in the Tropics because of temperature elevation; therefore, objective of this study was evaluation of antioxidant effects of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in pregnant rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits (40) were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 8) on day 0 of their gestation and were supplemented with 0, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg Chlorella vulgaris biomass per kg body weight respectively throughout the gestation period. Blood was collected from the animals in the last week of gestation for serum oxidative stress and biochemical profile assessments. There was significant difference in serum malondialdehyde concentration, total antioxidant capacity but protein carbonyl content was not significantly different. There was also significant difference in superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity and glutathione concentration. Furthermore, the results showed that serum biochemical profiles of the rabbits were within the normal ranges for healthy rabbits. The study therefore concluded that supplementation of Chlorella vulgaris significantly protects the rabbits against oxidative stress damage and has no deleterious effects on their organs function; hence, the microalga was recommended as an antioxidant supplement for pregnant rabbits.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Benzie I F and Strain J J. 1999. Ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay: direct measure of total antioxidant activity of biological fluids and modified version for simultaneous measurement of total antioxidant power and ascorbic acid concentration. Methods in Enzymology (Vol. 299, pp. 15–27). Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99005-5

Berkson B M. 1999. A conservative triple antioxidant approach to the treatment of hepatitis C. Medizinische Klinik 94(3): 84– 89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03042201

Buege J A and Aust S D. 1978. Microsomal lipid peroxidation (Vol. 52, pp. 302–310). Methods in Enzymology. Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(78)52032-6

Castro-García S Z, Chamorro-Cevallos G, Quevedo-Corona L, McCarty M F and Bobadilla-Lugo R A. 2018. Beneficial effects of phycobiliproteins from Spirulina maxima in a preeclampsia model. Life Sciences 211: 17–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.011

Cederberg J and Eriksson U J. 2005. Antioxidative treatment of pregnant diabetic rats diminishes embryonic dysmorpho genesis. Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology 73(7): 498–505. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bdra.20144

Colombo G, Clerici M, Garavaglia M E, Giustarini D, Rossi R, Milzani A and Dalle-Donne I. 2016. A step-by-step protocol for assaying protein carbonylation in biological samples. Journal of Chromatography B 1019: 178–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.052

Djerroua Z, Hamdi-Pacha Y, Belkhiri A M, Djaalab H, Riachia F, Serakta M, Boukeloua A and Maameri Z. 2011. Evaluation of Pistacia lentiscus fatty oil effects on glycemic index, liver functions and kidney functions of New Zealand rabbits. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 8(5S). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.27

Guvvala P R, Ravindra J P, Selvaraju S, Arangasamy A and Venkata K M. 2019. Ellagic and ferulic acids protect arsenicinduced male reproductive toxicity via regulating Nfe2l2, Ppargc1a and StAR expressions in testis. Toxicology 413: 1– 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2018.11.012

Halliwell B and Gutteridge J. M. 2015. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford University Press, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198717478.001.0001

Idonije O B, Festus O, Okhiai O and Akpamu U. 2011. A comparative study of the status of oxidative stress in pregnant Nigerian women. Research Journal of Obstetrics Gynaecology 4(1): 28–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/rjog.2011.28.36

Kaneko J J, Harvey J W and Bruss M L. 2008. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Academic press.

Moron M S, Depierre J W and Mannervik B. 1979. Levels of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione Stransferase activities in rat lung and liver. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects 582(1): 67–78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4165(79)90289-7

Naguib Y M. 2000. Antioxidant activities of astaxanthin and related carotenoids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48(4): 1150–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991106k

Ötleº S and Pire R. 2001. Fatty acid composition of Chlorella and Spirulina microalgae species. Journal of AOAC International 84(6): 1708–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1708

Panahi Y, Mostafazadeh B, Abrishami A, Saadat A, Beiraghdar F, Tavana S, Pishgoo B, Parvin S H and Sahebkar A. 2013. Investigation of the effects of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on the modulation of oxidative stress in apparently healthy smokers. Clinical Laboratory 59(5-6): 579– 87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2012.120110

Qin Y. 2018. Seaweed hydrocolloids as thickening, gelling, and emulsifying agents in functional food products, pp. 135–152. Bioactive Seaweeds for Food Applications. Academic Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813312-5.00007-8

Singh A, Singh S P and Bamezai R. 1998. Perinatal influence of Chlorella vulgaris (E-25) on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and lipid peroxidation. Anticancer Research 18(3A): 1509–14.

Skrzydlewska E, Sulkowski S, Koda M, Zalewski B, Kanczuga- Koda L, and Sulkowska M. 2005. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in colorectal cancer. World Journal of Gastroenterology 11(3): 403. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v11.i3.403

Trávníèek J, Racek J, Trefil L, Rodinová H, Kroupová V, Illek J, Doucha J and Písek L. 2008. Activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood of ewes and their lambs receiving the selenium-enriched unicellular alga Chlorella. Czech Journal of Animal Science 53(7): 292–98 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17221/354-CJAS

Zuluaga M, Gueguen V, Pavon-Djavid G and Letourneur D. 2017. Carotenoids from microalgae to block oxidative stress. BioImpacts 7(1): 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15171/bi.2017.01